POL112H5 Study Guide - Final Guide: Deng Xiaoping, Xi Jinping, Jiang Zemin
Document Summary
Occurred because: presidents were elected as older established parties were rapidly losing ground, presidents used initial popularity to undermine traditional parties, leaders expanded state control of economy (mostly gas and oil, presidents with hegemonic aspirations. Characterized as a drop in freedom house scores of at least 10 points. Reasons for worry about democraic state in lain america: Persistently low quality of democracy throughout many countries. Governments are presening the prospect of compeiive authoritarian rule. How venezuela and nicaragua have become cases of compeiive authoritarianism: Sponsor regular elecions that are compeiive, but take place on seriously ilted playing ields and without respect for democraic rights. Why venezuela is the most important case of compeiive authoritarianism (hugo chavez): Ater chavez was elected fairly in 1998, chavez: captured key institutions (the courts and the national electoral council, harassed critics, shut down opposition media, used the nations oil wealth to create a tilted playing field.
