SOC 3142 Study Guide - Final Guide: Interquartile Range, Standard Score, Squared Deviations From The Mean

• School: University of Ottawa
• Department: Sociology
• Course: SOC 3142
• Professor: Riva Lieflander

Document Summary

Research: process by which information is systematically gathered for the purpose of testing theories. Data: numerical information that is manipulated and analyzed. Theory: an explanation of the relationship between phenomena. Variable: any trait that can change values from case to case. Independent variable: variable thought to cause the dependent variable (causal variable) Hypothesis: a statement about the relationship (derived from theory, more specific and exact. ) Descriptive statistics: summarizes or describes the distribution of a single variable (univariate, describes the relationship between 2 or more (bivariate) Appropriate for this task: percentages, graphs, and charts. Generalizing findings from a sample to a population using information from a sample to make conclusions about a population. Nominal: scores or categories that cannot be ranked or manipulated mathematically (e. g. gender, religion, province. ) Ordinal: can be ranked high to low but not mathematically manipulated (e. g. upper class, middle class, lower class. )