[PHI1101] - Midterm Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam (14 pages long!)

• School: University of Ottawa
• Department: Philosophy
• Course: PHI 1101
• Professor: Sascha Maicher

Document Summary

The opposite of critical thinking is dogmatism. Before we can talk about anything we need a claim. History of claims: we have ideas in our mind of what things are without never seeing these objects, to have knowledge it is having general knowledge to put toward the world. Once we start debating the evident we have arguments. Phi1101: inference, rational thinking: come to a conclusion based on their own thinking. Descartes: a second thing that can be distinguished from an argument. The distinction from an argument and an explanation. Explanations, they describe the state of affairs, if they aren"t debatable they aren"t an argument thy are an explanation: usually a state of affairs explained isn"t in doubt o. The confirmation bias: when we hear something we think we agree with we are more accepting (political party we already agree with) Thinking we agree with something will distort our perception.