CLA 1102 Study Guide - Winter 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Wool, Wood, Wikipedia
12 Oct 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
CLA 1102
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
ROME (Jan. 11th)
➢ Rome was jam-packed with streets and buildings (hasty and disorganized building)
➢ Had a population between 750 000 - 1 mil people
○ One of the most densely populated cities in all of history
○ 730 people per hectare
➢ Noisy, smelly, crowded, disgusting
○ Cesspit of humanity
➢ Traffic and crime
➢ People hid in apartment buildings
➢ Urban alienation
➢ Not until London in 1800 that another city with a population like Rome comes about
➢ Romans had calendars similar to modern day
○ Instead of pictures on top and dates on the bottom, they had text
○ Pg. 1 in booklet (List of what’s in Rome)
➢ Insulae = apartments
➢ Fountains act as air conditioning; made Rome livable
➢ Rome gets really hot in the summer, and all the rich people leave
ROMAN NAMES
➢ Tended to have three names (tria nomina)
○ Gaius = First name = Praenomen
○ Julius = Family name = Nomen/Gentilicium
○ Caesar = Last name = Cognomen
➢ Last name often starts off as a nickname (ie. Cicero = chickpea) and then sticks, identifying
members of a family tree
➢ Family/friends would call him Gaius, senators would call him Julius, and anything official would
use his full name
➢ We (modern) refer to Romans by their cognomen
➢ In signing official documents, you include the name of your father (whether you’re a girl or boy)
and sometimes your tribe (group) for voting
○ See page 12
○ Often see the full-full name on inscriptions (ie. on coins)
NAMES OF WOMEN
➢ Women’s names are completely different
➢ The woman would usually only take the father’s nomen, put in the feminin
○ US is masculine
○ A is feminine
➢ What happens when you have 2 daughters?
○ One will be Julia the Elder
○ One will be Julia the Younger
➢ If there are more, they are numbered
➢ If she gets married she becomes “The Wife of” instead if “The Daughter of”
NAMES OF SLAVES/FREED MEN
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
➢ Slaves only have one name (usually their birth name)
➢ If a slave is freed, he takes his Master’s praenomen; becomes known as a Freedman
○ Libertus = Freedman
○ Keep their own name as a cognomen
○ Ie. page 13
LATIN ALPHABET
➢ Original latin alphabet had 21 letters
➢ Y is added from Greek (Upsilon), Z is added from Greek (Zeta)
➢ Imported those letters to make up for missing sounds
➢ [YOU MISSED SOMETHING HERE]
➢ Dots on ‘i’ and ‘j’ are medieval developments
➢ Which letter of the alphabet appears in the alphabet more than any other?
○ U; there are 5 Us
○ U, V, W (two Us), Y
➢ [LITERALLY JUST LOOK AT THE BOOK LATER. YOU STUPID]
➢ Latin is not dead: evolved into Italian, Spanish, and French
➢ “Y” changes in pronunciation to sound the same as “I” (ee); this leads to a distinction between the
Latin “i” and the Greek “y” (ie. “i grec”)
ROMAN SOCIETY
➢ Rome is a class-based society
➢ 3 factors that determined one’s place in society
○ 1. Citizenship: whether you were a Roman citizen or not; citizens = adult males; women,
children, and slaves cannot be citizens in terms of their rights
○ 2. Freedom: three categories
■ i. those who are slaves
■ ii. those who had been a slave
■ iii. those who had never been slaves
○ 3. Wealth: whether you have it or not
➢ Originally the free citizens of Rome were divided into 2 classes:
○ 1. Patricians: elite, aristocrats, the 1%
○ 2. Plebeians (Plebs): everybody else; living in abject poverty and those who are
relatively well off; the 99%
➢ Plebeians didn’t know the laws and, for the most part, could not read
○ Patricians knew the laws and could enforce whatever they wanted to; abuse of power
➢ People have not changed since then
➢ Eventually there is a “general” strike
○ Secession of the Plebs (494 B.C.)
➢ The Plebs leave Rome and tell them that they must change their ways in order for them to come
back
➢ Struggle of the Orders: Plebeians fighting to get the same rights as the Patricians
○ Took until 287 B.C.
➢ Plebs won the right to be consuls; Patricians got rid of the consuls
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Rome was jam-packed with streets and buildings (hasty and disorganized building) Had a population between 750 000 - 1 mil people. One of the most densely populated cities in all of history. Not until london in 1800 that another city with a population like rome comes about. Romans had calendars similar to modern day. Instead of pictures on top and dates on the bottom, they had text. 1 in booklet (list of what"s in rome) Fountains act as air conditioning; made rome livable. Rome gets really hot in the summer, and all the rich people leave. Tended to have three names (tria nomina) Caesar = last name = cognomen members of a family tree. Last name often starts off as a nickname (ie. cicero = chickpea) and then sticks, identifying. Family/friends would call him gaius, senators would call him julius, and anything official would. We (modern) refer to romans by their cognomen.
