BIOL 335 Midterm: 18-22 Lecture Notes for midterm 2

1.Whati is Genetic Technology?What is bacterial transformation?
What is recombinant DNA technology?What is a vector?What is found in a typical plasmid?How can DNA sequenced use the dideoxy chain termination method? Describe the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). What are some advantages and limitations of this procedure?What is a cDNA? How are cDNAs and DNA microarrays used to study gene expression?Describe the natural function of restriction enzymes and explain how they are used in recombinant DNA technology,Explain how the creation of sticky ends by restriction enzymes is useful in producing a recombinant DNA moleculOutline the procedures for cloning a eukaryotic gene in a bacterial plasmid.Describe techniques that allow identification of recombinant cells that have taken up a gene of interest.How can you use the lacZ gene to facilitate cloning ?Distinguish between genomic and cDNA libraries.Define genomics and proteomics.Explain how gel electrophoresis is used to analyze nucleic acids and to distinguish between two alleles of a gene.How does dideoxy sequencing work? What is the significance of using dideoxy nucleotides?What are BACs, YACs, and contigs? What are some practical applications of DNA technology?What are the ways in which organisms can be genetically modified?

a) in a recombinant DNA cloning experiment, how can we determinewether DNA Fragments of interest have been incorporated intoplasmids and, once host cells are transformed, which cells containrecombinant DNA?

b) when using DNA Libraries to clone genes, what combination oftechniques are used to identify a particular gene of interest?

c) what steps make PCR a chain a chain reaction that can producemillions of copies of a specific DNA molecule in a matter of hourswithout using host cells?

d) how has DNA sequencing technology evolved in response to theemerging needs of genome scientists?

a) in a recombinant DNA cloning experiment, how can we determinewether DNA Fragments of interest have been incorporated intoplasmids and, once host cells are transformed, which cells containrecombinant DNA?

b) when using DNA Libraries to clone genes, what combination oftechniques are used to identify a particular gene of interest?

c) what steps make PCR a chain a chain reaction that can producemillions of copies of a specific DNA molecule in a matter of hourswithout using host cells?

d) how has DNA sequencing technology evolved in response to theemerging needs of genome scientists?