BIOL 234 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Melatonin Receptor 1A, X Chromosome, Phenology
Document Summary
Phenotypes are observable characteristics or traits: morphology, development, biochemical or physiological properties, phenology, behavior, and products of behavior. A single mutation can cause multiple distinct phenotypic changes. The phenotype of an organism can be altered through changes in the genotype (mutant) and environment. The effect of environment on phenotype can be determined by comparing phenotypes of individuals w/ same genotypes. Mutations: insertions, deletions, nucleotide substitution (change), duplication, inversion and. Mutations detected using dna sequencing, pcrs/gel migration and detecting consequential change in gene function (observing its phenotype). Insertion and deletion mutations are ideal to be detected by pcrs. Pcrs also require amplification of gene segments that have already been sequenced. Mutation effect is related to the position of its occurrence and the type it is. Pcr analysis: thickness of the band represents the amount and the height represents the size of the for ex. mrna.
