BIOL 112 Study Guide - Final Guide: Oxidative Phosphorylation, Enzyme, Glycolysis
BIOL 112 Full Course Notes
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Value: 1
Anabolic pathways of metabolism are pathways that:
a. build complex molecules from simple ones.
b. release stored chemical energy.
c. take place primarily in skeletal muscle
d. make large quantities of ATP.
Value: 2
The sum of all chemical reactions in a cell is referred to as _______________.
Value: 3
Organisms that derive both their energy and carbon from organic compounds are:
a. photoautotrophs.
b. chemoautotrophs.
c. chemoheterotrophs.
d. photoheterotrophs
Value: 4
It is often stated that the phosphate bonds in ATP are "high energy," but in fact, they are not notably high in energy. Rather, they are easy to break, and the âG of hydrolysis is a "useful" quantity of energy. What makes the phosphate bonds easy to break?
a. They are close to the destabilizing nitrogenous base adenosine
b. Positive charges on amino groups repel each other.
c. Negative charges on phosphate groups repel each other
d. High acidity attacks bonds between amino acids.
Value: 5
Which of the following describes ATP hydrolysis? Select all that apply
[mark all correct answers]
a. exergonic
b. spontaneous
c. often coupled to a reaction that has a positive ÎG
Value: 6
Which of the following describes catabolic reactions?
a. They are endergonic and have a negative change in free energy
b. They are exergonic and have a negative change in free energy
c. They are exergonic and have a positive change in free energy.
d. They are endergonic and have a positive change in free energy.
Value: 7
Why are cells not infinitely big?
a. Because they wouldn't fit in an organism
b. Because they would have a small surface area:volume ratio and substances would diffuse in and out too slowly
c. Because they would have a large surface area to volume ratio and substances would diffuse in and out too quickly
Value: 9
How is organelle movement around cells controlled?
a. the nucleus directs the movement of organelles in a cell
b. the cytoskeleton is like a monorail that moves organelles in a cell via motor proteins
c. organelles do not move, they have a fixed position in the cell
d. organelles move by facilitated diffusion in the cell
Value: 10
1. Prokaryotic cells lack:
a. a. A nucleus
b. organelles
c. cell membrane
d. DNA
e. A and B
Value: 11
Rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER)
a. a. Makes cell membranes
b. has ribosomes attached
c. are a site of protein synthesis
d. all of the above
Value: 12
Match the items.
The task is to match the lettered items with the correct numbered items. Appearing below is a list of lettered items. Following that is a list of numbered items. Each numbered item is followed by a drop-down. Select the letter in the drop down that best matches the numbered item with the lettered alternatives.
| a. help to digest worn-out or damaged organelles. | |
| b. Takes in molecules in transport vesicles, modifies them, and sends them back out in vesicles | |
| c. makes sugar | |
| d. makes ATP | |
| e. assembles the ribosomes | |
| f. gives the cell structure | |
| g. move material around the cell | |
| 1. vesicles | a b c d e f g |
| 2. cytoskeleton | a b c d e f g |
| 3. the golgi apparatus | a b c d e f g |
| 4. lysosomes | a b c d e f g |
| 5. mitochondrion | a b c d e f g |
| 6. chloroplast | a b c d e f g |
| 7. nucleolus | |
Some of the questions have more than one correct answers
1- Select all of the following that are correct regarding lipidrafts.
A- They include higher concentrations of sphingolipids than thesurrounding membrane | |
B- They include higher concentrations of phosphatidylcholinethan the surrounding membrane | |
C- They include higher concentrations of cholesterol than thesurrounding membrane | |
D- They include higher concentrations of GPI-anchored proteinsthan the surrounding membrane | |
E- They localize components of pathways |
2- Select all of the following that are in the membrane bilayerasymmetrically (i.e. different composition in two leaflets of amembrane).
A-Carbohydrates | |
B- Proteins | |
C- Lipids | |
D- Nucleic acids |
3-Select all of the following that are true of activetransport.
A- Some solutes are moved against their concentration gradients,from one side of a membrane to the other, using energy from ATPhydrolysis. | |
B- Light-driven pumps can couple the movement of solutes againsttheir concentration gradient to an energy input from light. | |
C- moving from higher concentration to lower concentration |
4- Which organelle is the major site of new membrane synthesisin a cell?
A- A mitochondrion | |
B- The endoplasmic reticulum | |
C- The Golgi apparatus | |
D- The nucleus | |
E- None of the above |
5-Select all of the following protein types that are on BOTHvesicles and target membranes and must interact (directly orindirectly) for fusion to occur.
A- COPI | |
B- COPII | |
C-COPIII | |
D- Rabs | |
E-SNAREs | |
F-Clathrin |
