BIOL359 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Synonymous Substitution, Genotype Frequency, Allele Frequency
5 Aug 2016
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Darwin was not the first evolutionary thinker. Anaximander (6th century): believed species formed from water and that humans descended from fish. Empedocles (5th century): proposed heads, limbs, organs joined at random, certain combinations = survival. Plato: developed concept of idealism; reality is mentally constructed eternal possibilities. Aristotle: plato"s concept of idealism was further elaborated by aristotle envisioned a static world in which a. Deity created fixed essences (templates for all species: type specimen: specimen selected to serve as a reference point to represent the entire species. Example: flower pressed on paper: scala naturae: moving from least to most perfect organisms. God"s creation must follow a plan, the ladder of nature or great chain of being: must be permanent and unchanging change implies imperfection in original creation. Linnaeus (the father of taxonomy): established the framework for modern classification such as the binomial system of assigning genus and species names (in systema naturae).
