BIOL308 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Genome, Regulatory Sequence, Dna Supercoil
Document Summary
Chromosome: threadlike structure of nucleic acids and proteins in the nucleus, carries hereditary information in genes. Gene: unit of heredity: the entire dna sequence necessary for the synthesis of rna molecules or functional polypeptides, includes coding and regulatory regions, alleles: alternative forms of a single gene. Gene expression: information carried on gene is converted into a product. Mutation: transmissible permanent change in a nucleotide sequence of a chromosome: may or may not alter function. Mutant: organism that expresses a mutant gene in its phenotype. Genome: complete set of genetic information carried by a gamete. Phenotype: physical appearance of an organism based on genotype and environment. Transcription and translation work towards gene expression: the whole sequence will be transcribed, but only some regions are translated, element = sequence = region. The goal is to understand products of gene expression and the debate about nurture vs nature. 1: biochemical approach (protein to gene): based on function of protein.
