BIOL240 Study Guide - Final Guide: Rhizobiaceae, Northrop Yb-35, Spirillum
7 Dec 2016
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Microbiology: study of microbes; how microbes interact with their environment. Microorganism: small, living thing (e. g. archaea, eukaryotes, protists, fungi, etc. ) Microbe: forms of life too small to be seen with the naked eye (do include viruses) Robert hooke (1635-1703) = known for early microscopes allowing first description of microbes. Antonie van leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) = considered father of microbiology because of his improvements in lens construction that allowed the first description of bacteria. Divided into three domains, bacteria, archaea and eukarya, based on ribosomal rna sequences. Some similarities and differences of the three domains. Found in nearly all species (various materials used) 3 main polymerases (rna pol i, ii, and iii) Carl woese (1990) discovered that archaea are no more closely related to bacteria than to eukarya. Little oxygen in the atmosphere, surface of planet was chemical soup led to initial synthesis of the first forms of macromolecules. Shift in atmosphere (nitrogen increased, temperature decreased, oxygen increased, co2 decreased)
