BIOL239 Study Guide - Final Guide: Sister Chromatids, Chromosome Segregation, Gregor Mendel
Document Summary
Phenotype = observable characteristic; genotype = genetic make up. Monohybrid cross mating"s between individuals that differ in only one trait; dihybrid cross mating"s between individuals that differ in two traits; multihybrid cross matings between individuals that differ in three of more traits. A maximum of two alleles can pre present in one gene of a diploid individual. The law of product: the probability of two or more independent events occurring together is the product of the probabilities that each event will occur by itself. The law of sum: the probability of either of two mutually exclusive events occurring is the sum of their individual probabilities. Gregor mendel performed genetic crosses in a systematic way, using mathematics to analyze the data he obtained and to predict outcomes of other experiments. Mendel"s law of segregation states that alleles of genes separate during gamete formation and then come together randomly at fertilization.