PSYC 2360 Study Guide - Final Guide: Statistical Conclusion Validity, Confounding, Null Hypothesis
15 Dec 2016
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Introductory research methods textbook notes term two. To make inferences of casualty, we must consider 3 factors: association, temporal priority, and control of common-causal variables. These 3 factors form the basis of experimental research. Temporal priority: temporal relation between the two associated variables, if event a happens before event b, then a could be causing b, however if b happens before a, a cannot be causing the effect. One-way experimental design: has one independent variable. To guarantee that the independent variable occurs before the dependent variable, in experimental designs, the independent variable is manipulated: in an experiment the manipulation becomes the independent variable. Levels refer to the specific situations created within the manipulation: in one-way designs the levels are often called experimental conditions. Equivalence can be created either through using difference but equivalent participants in each level of the experiment (between-participants designs), or through using the same people in each of the experimental conditions (repeated- measures designs).
