MBG 2040 Study Guide - Final Guide: Lac Repressor, Housekeeping Gene, Tryptophan

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tanmallard797

4 Dec 2016

School

University of Guelph

Department

Molecular Biology and Genetics

Course

MBG 2040

Professor

Baozhong Meng

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Document Summary

Overview transcription is the most important step of gene regulation in prokaryotes. Rna processing not rly in prokaryotes tho, its in eukaryotes. A bacterium often finds itself in an ever changing environment. Genetic regulation in bacteria is primarily focused on adaptation to this ever changing environment they are in. Genes whose products are not required are in general not expressed unless environmental conditions change in a way that makes their expression useful (bacteria are good at conservation!) Constitutive (unregulated (cid:498)supervision(cid:499)(cid:524) always on, no need for. Normally off, genes have to be induced at times and are only turned on as needed. Normally on, genes have to be repressed at times and are only turned off as needed. Housekeeping genes (regulatory genes, they regulate the structural genes). code for regulatory protein. Codes for structural enzymes everything after operator (lac z ,y, a) Codes for structural enzymes everything after operator (trp e, d, c, b, a)

Related Questions

1. What is the term when the product of a biochemical pathway inhibits the activity of the first enzyme of a pathway?

		feedback inhibition.
		activator inhibition.
		diffusional regulation.
		enzyme activation.

2. Through control of gene expression, prokaryotes respond to changing __________ conditions.

		internal
		protein
		environmental
		genetic

3. A protein that negatively regulates transcription by binding to the operator is known as the

		operon
		repressor
		activator
		inducer

4. During attenutation, when tryptophan levels are high, the ________ stem-loop forms and transcription ________ the trpL gene.

		1-2, ends just past
		3-4, ends just past
		1-2, continues beyond
		3-4, continues beyond

5. The process of turning on the expression of a gene in response to a substance in the environment is called:

		constituation.
		repression.
		induction.
		catabolism.

6. What is a function of some specific transcription factors?

		to bind to the promoter region of the gene to facilitate the proper alignment of the RNA polymerase
		to bind to the centromere to induce meiosis
		to bind to enhancer regions to help regulate gene transcription
		to bind to the operator to recruit sigma factor

7. How does exposing an E.coli cell to glucose affect the regulation of the lac operon via CAP?

		cAMP binds to CAP and transcription is increased.
		cAMP binds to CAP and transcription is decreased.
		cAMP does not bind to CAP and transcription is increased.
		cAMP does not bind to CAP and transcription is decreased.

8. The lac repressor protein works when mutations in the repressor gene and structural genes are:

		in cis or in trans.
		in trans only.
		in cis only.
		in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

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MBG 2040 Study Guide - Final Guide: Lac Repressor, Housekeeping Gene, Tryptophan

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