BIOM 3090 Study Guide - Final Guide: Membrane Potential, Cardiac Arrhythmia, Urinary Retention

• School: University of Guelph
• Department: Biomedical Sciences
• Course: BIOM 3090
• Professor: Elizabeth Campbell

Document Summary

Calculated by: cardiac output (co) x peripheral vascular resistance (pvr) [sometimes svr] Measured by systolic (maximum) over diastolic (minimum) Cardiac output is the product of heart rate (hr) and stroke volume (sv) Baroreceptors - responsible for monitoring the stretch of blood vessels (carotid and aorta) Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone - pathway through which blood pressure can be controlled. Decrease in bp, increase renin, increase angiotensin ii, blood vessels restrict, aldosterone increases, increase in water retention. Drugs can be administered on their own, or together. Aim to decrease organ damage and reduce bp. Decrease co and pvr, thereby decreasing bp examples: propranolol (nonselective) and metoprolol (b1 selective: alpha blockers or alpha-adrenergic antagonists. Block the actions of catecholamines in alpha-1 receptors. Decrease pvr and dilate venous vessels examples: prazosin. Responses from baroreceptors and renin-angiotensin can complicate the effect. Work best in combination: nitric oxide donors. Activates guanyl cyclase, increasing dephosphorylation of myosin light chains, resulting in relaxation.