BIOL 2400 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Phenotypic Plasticity, Quantitative Genetics, Anisogamy
17 May 2020
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Definitions: fitness: the reproductive success of an individual with a particular phenotype. Fecundity (fertility: relative fitness: genotype with highest absolute fitness, wmax = 1. Fitness of all other genotypes standardized by dividing by wmax: polygenetic trait: influenced by many genetic loci. Population allele frequencies do not change (no evolution) if: population infinitely large, genotypes do not differ, there is no mutation, mating random, no migration. Fst proportion of genetic variance in subdivision compared to total population. 0-1: no subdivision fst 0, extreme subdivision fst 1. Fst = ht hs/ ht, k is total subpopulations: ht 2pq = 2 (average p/k)(average q/k, hs 1/k 2pq of each subpopulations. Effects of positive selection on different types of alleles: dominant and additive increase after 0 generations and become constant around 300, but recessive are low in frequency until 800 generations after which they sharply increase. When fitness effects oppose each other local environment determines direction of selection.
