BIOL 1090 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Lipid Raft, Electrochemical Gradient, Dystrophin

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cyanrat665

26 Sep 2012

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Biological membranes dynamic, composed of lipids and proteins. Temperature = fluidity = crystal state. Passive modes of transport across a membrane transport via a glucose transporter; transport though a ligand-gated channel. Requires energy movement up its concentration gradient. Electrochemical gradient is generated across the inner membrane within the mitochondria. Dystrophin will not have contained a signal sequence at its n-terminus. Cholesterol most likely to be found in a membrane lipid raft. Hydrophobic helical domain allow a protein to be an integral membrane. Golgi site of post-translational processing of proteins; material can move b/w golgi cisternae in vesicles; anterograde of cis medial trans (cop i); material can move in both directions within it; Autophagy end products = lipofuscin granules and residual bodies. Nuclear envelope alters if cell cannot properly synthesize lamin. Cell migration in non-muscle cells unconventional myosin. Outer membrane of nuclear envelope is continuous with the membrane of the er.

Related Questions

Know the relative intracellular and extracellular concentrations of K⁺, Na⁺, and Cl^-.

Lipid bilayers are permeable and impermeable to which types of molecules?

Compare and contrast membrane transport via channels and transporters.

What are concentration and electrochemical gradients? How do such gradients affect transport across a membrane?

How do active and passive transport differ? What are examples of each?

What are the three types of active transport?

Compare and contrast membrane transport via symport and antiport transporters.

Be familiar with the characteristics and abilities of the glucose transporter, Na⁺-K⁺ pump, Ca²⁺ pump, glucose-Na²⁺ symport, and bacteriorhodopsin.

How is glucose transported into and out of epithelial cells that line the gut?

1. What biochemical feature of a phospholipid molecule allows phospholipids to spontaneously form closed compartments when placed in an aqueous solution?

a) they are amphipathic

b) they are charged

c) they are spherical

d) they have a single fatty acid tail

2. Other than phospholipids, what molecule do cells use to alter the fluidity of biological membranes?

3. What distinguishes active transport from passive transport?

a) active transport can utilize channel proteins

b) passive transport does not utilize carrier/transporter proteins

c) active transport requires the input of energy

d) active transport only occurs at the plasma membrane

4. In the case of active transport, the Na+/K+ pump undergoes a sequence of conformational changes that allows the movement of Na+ and K+ across a membrane against their electrochemical gradients, while in the case of ER protein import SRP undergoes a sequence of conformational changes to allow the signal sequence to interact with the translocation pore. What drives these conformational changes?

a) hydrolysis of a high energy phosphate bond

b) binding of a solute or protein

c) both

d) neither

5. Is protein import into the ER co-transcriptional, or co-translational?

burgundyhyena124

Cellular biology answer check. please check if my answers arecorrect or not.

1) The concentration of ions inside a cell is the same as theirconcentration outside of the cell. True or false? (i chose falsesince having equilibrium inside a cell is bad)

2) Membrane transport proteins...

a)...transport membrane potentials between cells

b)	...transport membranes from the ER to the Golgi

c)	...are made up of phospholipids

d)	...transport molecules across membranes

i chose d

3)The electrochemical gradienttakes into account:

a)	The concentration of solutes on either side of themembrane.

b)	The overall charge on either side of the membrane.

c)	Both of these.

i chose C. (although i am sure that overall charge matters, Iwasn't sure if concentration of solutes are taken account.)

4) If no energywere expended by an animal cell:

a)	Both gradients would be depleted

b)The K+ gradient would maintain itself.

c)	None of these

d)	The Na+ gradient would maintain itself.

I chose d) mainly because I think Na+ gradient exist in animalcell and not K+ gradient.

5) Which of the following is a true statement aboutactin?

a)	Once actin has polymerized, it never depolymerizes.

b)	Actin is a transmembrane protein.

c)	Actin can form branched networks.

d)	Actin filaments are organized into hollow tubes.

I chose c. can't explain why.

6)Ion channels:

a)	Form a hydrophobic channel through the membrane

b)	Have filters that let sugars through

c)	Are selective for particular ions (only the

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BIOL 1090 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Lipid Raft, Electrochemical Gradient, Dystrophin

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