ARKY 205 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Human Mitochondrial Dna Haplogroup, Stone Tool, Lapita Culture
17 Oct 2016
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Document Summary
Pilfershire: site in connecticut with old stone foundations to houses and wells. Ecofacts: animal bones, pollen, carbon isotopes, phytoliths (plant/food materials), oxygen isotopes, coprolites (poop) High %carbon isotopes = grassy location; low % carbon isotopes = forested location. Skeletons are analyzed by: species, sex, age upon death, geographic origin, pathology, disease. Preservation: inorganic (stone, clay, metal, etc. ) vs. organic (plant and animal remains) Extreme conditions aid in preservation (ex: cold, dry, waterlogged [think bog people], etc. ) Methods include pedestrian survey, scanning aerial photographs, test pitting, chemical soil analysis, remote/radar sensing. Analysis of artifacts: helps determine the sources of raw materials; how tools were manufactured and used; social patterns that may be coded within. Based on radioactive decay: k/ar, ar/ar, carbon dating. Based on biology: dendrochronology (ex: tree rings) Based on radiation damage: thermoluminescence; optically stimulated luminescence. Based on geological processes: paleomagnetic dating; archaeomagnetic dating.
