BIOL208- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 80 pages long!)
30 Nov 2017
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What is ecology: ecology is the relationship between organisms and their environment. It is an empirical science (observe, measure and model: uses information from disciplines such as geology, physics, chemistry and environmental science. (need a background in stats and math) Why study ecology: boreal forest (carbon sequestration due to global warming) Evolutionary mechanisms and fitness: evolution and natural selection, heritability, selection, genetic drift, constraints on evolution. Individuals alleles become more or less common direction, it is a fluid process) (selection happens within populations) Evolution requires variation: what causes phenotypic variation among individuals within a population, genotypes-what your ancestors gave you in terms of genetic material, environment such as climate, nutrition. Some sources of variation: vp=vg+ve, phenotypic variation, genetic variation, environmental factors. = vg/(vg+ve) traits such as eye colour is not affected environment (ve=0: h2= vg/vp, h2= 0 (completely environmentally determined, h2=1 (completely genetically determined)
