HSCI 319W Study Guide - Final Guide: Iranian Principlists, Victim Blaming, Kantianism
17 May 2018
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1. What are the differences between framework and principlist approaches to assessing ethical issues in public health? Give one example
of a public health framework and one example of a public health ethics principle. Describe what you think is appealing about each. (4)
Framework Approach
Principlist Approach
Context specific
Ordered list goes step by step -> lead to less flexibility and
context-sensitivity
Guides us what we ought to do
Serves pragmatic, deliberative purpose (specific values stated)
Made to aid ethical decision making (can be rigid and strict)
it is very flexible and context sensitive/specific
Principles are typically not pre-weighted/orders -> importance
they have depends on context
Suggests ethical principles targeted at specific disciplines
Captures relevant values to the context
Balancing approach to values
Ex. Grill ad Dawso’s fraework
• all values are equal, allows that any important ethical
considerations can help determine what decision is made
• PH measures affects the population as a whole
Ex. 4 principles of bioethics (Beauchamp et. Childress)
Intended for medical/clinical relationships between individuals
Emphasis on autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and
justice
It is flexible and interchangeable
. What is iti laig? Wh is it orall proleati? Is this health prootio ad a eaple of iti laig? Wh? ()
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2706734/Anger-government-poster-appears-blame-rape-alcohol-women-drink.html
Victim Blaming: Promoting behavior change implies that individual behavior is responsible for ill health
Moral Issues:
• degrades people by humiliating them -> morality is disregarded
• Behavior is impacted by social setting
• Health is also impacted by environmental and social determinants (Frieds/faily’s ehaior, ork shedule, eig atie/doig
exercise, neighborhood, etc.)
Health promotion AD Rape occurs when 1/3 victims have been drunk:
• Sends the wrong message to young people that drinking is associated with rape
• It follows the idea that the that individual behavior is responsible for ill health (defining victim blaming)
• The idiidual’s ehaior of drikig alohol is ot the sole fator that leads to rape. Other eiroetal, soial ad ultural
determinants play a role.
3. Public health activities often require surveillance of individuals that can undermine their privacy, as when contacts are traced to
combat infectious disease. How could a Kantian view of autonomy oppose this kind of surveillance? How could a relational autonomy
view support it? Which argument do you think is stronger? (5)
Kantianism: examines maxims (principle) behind actions (difficult to identify) -> may limit many extremely helpful public health
interventions
• Overemphasis on rules and maxims; duty rather than caretaking
• Dictates against any infringement on autonomy -> consent for every intervention
o Not asked to consent for surveillance purposes
o It threatens privacy
▪ Dignity: fear of discrimination + stigmatization (biased treatment) -> being associated with a specific disease/illness
▪ Autonomy: restricts opportunities for self-direction and allows individuals to determine when, how, and whether their private
information will be disclosed
Relational autonomy: sense of self is relational, formed over time within a web of personal relationships (social structure can
undermine autonomy) but necessary to support skills that make autonomous choices possible (includes abstract reason and emotion
in autonomy)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Give one example of a public health framework and one example of a public health ethics principle. Describe what you think is appealing about each. (4) Principlist approach it is very flexible and context sensitive/specific. Ordered list goes step by step -> lead to less flexibility and. Principles are typically not pre-weighted/orders -> importance context-sensitivity they have depends on context. Made to aid ethical decision making (can be rigid and strict) Childress) all values are equal, allows that any important ethical. Intended for medical/clinical relationships between individuals considerations can help determine what decision is made. Ph measures affects the population as a whole justice. Victim blaming: promoting behavior change implies that individual behavior is responsible for ill health. Moral issues: degrades people by humiliating them -> morality is disregarded: behavior is impacted by social setting, health is also impacted by environmental and social determinants (frie(cid:374)ds/fa(cid:373)ily"s (cid:271)eha(cid:448)ior, (cid:449)ork s(cid:272)hedule, (cid:271)ei(cid:374)g a(cid:272)ti(cid:448)e/doi(cid:374)g exercise, neighborhood, etc. )
