CRIM 101 Study Guide - Final Guide: Operant Conditioning, Psychoticism, Psychopathy
1 Nov 2016
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Psychological theories examine factors thought to contribute to criminality and criminal behavior. Psychology includes: psychoanalysis, behaviorism, social cognitivism (social learning), and development psychology. Early positivist noted that there were connections between low intelligence and criminality. Edwin sutherland argued that research linking criminality to intelligence was flawed. Early theorists also thought that there was a link between intelligence (iq) and race, and between iq and social class. In 1977, hirschi and hindelang published a study entitled intelligence and delinquency: a revisionist review. it concluded that differences between race and class did not account for differences in iq. Argued that intelligence did not have a direct impact on criminality, but rather, on poor school performance, which in turn contributed to negative labelling, problem behaviour, future unemployment (and thus criminality) Iq: a standardized measure of intelligence used by psychologists. Feeble mindedness: a term used in the 19th century to describe individuals with low intelligence or low iq scores.
