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BISC 113 Study Guide - Final Guide: Sickle-Cell Disease, Paramesonephric Duct, Vas Deferens

341 views12 pages
mauvezebra141
9 Sep 2016
School
Simon Fraser University
Department
Biological Sciences
Course
BISC 113
Professor
Kingston Chen

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Document Summary

Final notes: explain the cause and consequences of sickle cell disease and the relationship between sickle cell disease and malaria. Sickle cell disease is a blood disorder that is inherited, sickle blood cells are rigid and can get stuck in narrow blood vessels and form blood clots. If a clot becomes serious enough, then cells and tissues past that clot will be deprived of oxygen. If lack of oxygen continues then tissue damage is imminent. Linus pauling believed molecular medicine was the path to the future. He studied hba and hbs proteins, him and his team found that the 2 types of hemoglobin were chemically different. Hba and hbs had different distributions and localizations of electrical charges on their surfaces. Sickling occurs when there is low oxygen because the hbs forms long filaments under those conditions which deforms the cells.

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Related Questions

A human gene called the β-globin gene encodes a polypeptide that functions as a subunit of the protein known as hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is found within red blood cells; it carries oxygen. In human populations the β-globin gene can be found as the common allele known as HbA, and it can also be as the HbS allele. Individuals who have two copies of the HbS allele have the disease called sickle cell disease. Are the following examples descriptions of genetics at the molecular, cellular, organism, or population level?

A. The HbSallele encodes a polypeptide that functions slightly differently from the polypeptide encoded by the HbAallele.

B. If an individual has two copies of the HbSallele, that persons red blood cells take on a sickle cell shape.

C. Individuals who have two copies of the HbAallele do not have sickle cell disease, but are not resistant to malaria. People who have one HbAallele and one HbS allele do not have sickle cell disease but are resistant to malaria. People who have two copies of the HbSallele have sickle cell disease, and this disease may significantly shorten their lives.

D. Individuals with sickle cell disease have anemia because their red blood cells are easily destroyed by the body.