PSYC 235 Study Guide - Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor, Intrauterine Growth Restriction, Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

• School: Queen's University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSYC 235
• Professor: Christopher Bowie

Document Summary

Substance-related disorders: associated with the abuse of drugs and a variety of other substances that people take to alter the way the feel, think and behave. Equifinality: particular disorders may arise from multiple & different paths. Substance dependence: physiological dependence on drugs which requires a higher dosage due to the tolerance that is built up. > leads to withdrawal (negative physical response) when no longer ingested. Drug-seeking behaviour as a measure of dependence -> repeated use leads to desperate need for substance (steal money to buy drugs, smoke in the cold) -> use will resume after a period of abstinent. More than half of people with alcohol disorders have an additional psychiatric disorder (md, anti-social, bipolar) Five main categories of substances: depressants: result in behavioral sedation. Ex: alcohol, sedative, anxiolytic drugs: stimulants: increase alertness and elevate mood. Ex: cocaine, nicotine, caffeine: opiates: primarily produce analgesia & euphoria. Ex: heroin, morphine, codeine: hallucinogens: alter sensory perception.