[BIOL 206] - Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam (80 pages long!)
29 Nov 2016
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Unifying theory (evolution by natural selection) must explain. Vestigial organs- useless or reduced versions of a structure that has an important function in other species. Homologous traits- the same organ in different organisms under every form and function. Emerging diseases: speciation- moved to a new host (hiv in humans originated from siv in apes) Succession- fossil and living species in the same region are usually similar and distinct from those in other regions. Transitional forms- both fossil and living species often show transitions in traits. Evidence of microevolution microevolution- changes in gene frequencies and trait distributions that occur within populations and species. Experimenters choose only the individuals with the most desirable characteristics as breeders: selective breeding = artificial selection. Ga(cid:396)la(cid:374)d"s high-runner mice differed from the controls in genotype, physiology, and morphology: direct observation of natural populations, living anatomy: vestigial structures. A useless version of a body part that has an important function on other closely allied species.
