HTHSCI 2F03 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Xerostomia, Exophthalmos, Strabismus
26 Dec 2020
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Lights / flashes preceding visual loss: detached retina. Poorly controlled dm: vitreous bleed from new vessels. Optic nerve damaged if posterior ciliary arteries blocked by inflammation or atheroma. Non-arteritic aion: htn, dm, lipids, smoking. Unilateral loss of acuity over hrs days. Optic disc may be: normal, swollen, blurred. Small bleeds small black dots / ring floaters. Large bleed can obscure vision no red reflex, retina can"t be visualised. May use b scan us to identify cause. Vitrectomy may be performed in dense vh. Afferent pupil defect (may precede retinal changes) If seen w/i 6h aim is to retinal blood flow by iop. Pres: sudden unilat visual loss c rapd. Comps: retinal ischaemia vegf release and neovascularisation (rx: laser photocoagulation) Holes/tears in retina allow fluid to separate sensory retina from retinal pigmented epithelium. May be 2o to cataract surgery, trauma, dm. Vitrectomy + gas tamponade c laser coagulation to secure the retina. 30% of >75yrs will have dry amd.
