CHEM 1A03 Study Guide - Final Guide: Reaction Quotient, Lipophilicity, Sodium Iodide

Of the following, which is a false statement regarding chemical equilibrium? Select the correct answer below: O All reactions are reversible in theory, but it is not always feasible to produce conditions that lead to any significant formation of reactants from the products. O Some reactions favor the forward direction so much over the reverse direction that they proceed until consuming nearly all of the reactants. O A reversible reaction means a reaction that is at equilibrium between reactants and products. O A reversible reaction that is in a state of equilibrium between reactants and products is running in both the forward and reverse directions at the same rate.

Edit View History Bookmarks People Window Help Secure https://session.masteringchemistry. 80574828 C Secure CHE 114-01 Signed in Maria Almalak Course Calend The Reaction Quotient 4 of 8 Submit Hints My Answers Give Up Review Part The Reaction Quotient When oonducting chemical reactions in the lab or in industrial processes, it can be important to know If Qis less than K. the ratio of products to reactants is smaller than at equilbrium. In this case, whether a reaction has reached m. By the reaction wil proceed to the night to create more product and reach equilibrium. equilibriu measuring the reaction quotient, Q, of a chemical reaction and comparing it to the equilibrium Conversely, if Qis greater than K,the ratio of products to reactants is larger than at equilbrium. constant, K, we can identify whether a reaction is In this case, the reaction will proceed to the and revert some of the product back to reactants to at equilbrium. reach equilibrium. For the reaction Part B the reaction quotient, Q, is given by the expression in a 325 L reaction vessel at 1100 K: The following reaction was carried out C(s) +H20 (g) CO(g) H2(g) lf during the course of the reaction, the vessel is found to oontain 7.00 mol of C, 13.8 mol of H20, under any conditions. The value of Qisequal to K 380 mol of CO. and 8.10 mol of H2. what is the reaction quotient Q? at equilibrium. Enter the reaction quotient numerically, a 0.70588 Submit Hints My Answers Give up Review Part ARSON incorrect Try Again: 2 attempts remaining Part C

ree Energy and Chemical Equilibrium Why? The free energy change for a chemical reaction depends on the temperature concentrations of the reactants and the products. You, like chemists in and the research and manufacturing, can use the free energy change to identify suitable temperatures for reactions, to determine the direction a reaction will go to reu equilibrium, and to obtain values for equilibrium constants and equibrium ch concentrations. Learning Objectives Understand the relationship between the free energy change and the reaction quotient expression. Identify the effect of temperature on the free energy change and on equilibrium constants Success Criteria the free energy change for a reaction at various temperatures and various concentrations of reactants and products. Identify the direction a reaction will proceed spontaneously. Calculate one or more of ΔGo ,aHo, aso, and K given the others. Resources Olmsted and Williams Prerequisites Chemistry 3/e, Wiley, 2002) pp. 615 - 625, 721-729. emical equilibrium, spontaneous processes and free energy change, standard free energy change, reaction quotient, equilibrium constant Information ard The free energy change in a chemical reaction, DG, is related to the stand free energy change, AGe, and the concentrations of reactants and products by the following equation. AG, AGT+RT In(Q) 4Gy and Δ = free energy change and standard free energy change at temperature T Q reaction quotient R ideal gas constant T temperature in K When reactants and products are in their standard states, their concentrations are 1 in the free energy when concentrations are 1 M is just the standard free energy change M, then Q is 1, In(Q1-1n(1) = 0, and ΔG = ΔGo. The change An increase in the entropy of the universe or a decrease in the free energy of the system is the driving force behind a spontaneous change. Concentrations in a chemical reaction change spontaneously to lower the free energy. Equilibrium is reached in a chemical because the free energy The freee reaction when the free energy can no longer decrease of the reactants equals the free energy of the products. for the reaction, aG, then is 0, Using Q = K at 。1/2005 all rights reserved 57