ANSC 323 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Pars Intermedia, Anterior Pituitary, Blood Proteins
20 Oct 2017
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Hydrophobic: go into cell; made from cholesterol (steroids); also thyroxine (from tyrosine+iodine); bind w/ plasma protein to transport thru blood. Attach to mobile receptor (inside cell, on nuclear membrane or in cytosol: cholesterol stored in liver -> make hormones, thyroid hormone is stored (others not) Hydrophilic: cannot go thru membrane. derive from protein/peptide; dissolved directly in plasma. Attach to membrane receptor ->activate 2nd msnger -> cascade,amplified response (faster: made in er (preprohormones) -> modify in golgi & packaged -> prohormones -> Hormones: can be glycoprotein (add sugar), chopped into peptides, or modify a single peptide. S(cid:455)(cid:374)ergis(cid:373): amplify each other"s effects, work together to make greater response. Permissiveness: one will enable the effects of the other. When response has been performed, need to halt action -> removal (degrade) hormone -> action stop (cannot be re-used! Can increase/decrease # of receptors (up vs down regulation) more receptors, bigger response.
