MTST-283 Study Guide - Winter 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Range Of Motion, Ulnar Nerve, Nerve
12 Oct 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
MTST-283
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Jan 9
Fractures
Simple fracture - fracture w two parts - split in half
Comminuted fracture - two or more pieces (blunt trauma)
Open fracture - breaks the skin
Oblique - happens at angle
Compound - synonym for open
Spiral fracture - when theres torsion
Greenstick - incomplete, not all the way through
Transverse - straight across
Hairline fracture - minimal, usually from overuse (runners)
Compression fracture - when bone collapses, can happen in vertebrae - will affect periphery
Avulsion of greater trochanter: - cause: direct trauma, knee lifts (trauma to iliopsoas)
Healing
Lower limb takes longer - due to larger bones
Complications
1. Early complications
a. Malunion
b. Vascular damage
c. Infection
d. Loose cast
e. Compartment cyndrome
f. Cast dermatitis
2. Late complications
a. Delayed union
b. Non-union
c. Malunion
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
d. Myositis ossificans
e. Avascular bone necrosis
f. Disuse osteoporosis
Colle’s fracture - transverse fracture of distal radius, fragment displaces dorsally.
Smiths is opposite of colle’s goes inward (anteriorly)
S&S
● At time of break
○ Inflammation
○ Pain
○ *deformity
○ Unnatural mobility
○ Muscle splinting
○ Loss of function - muscle weakness
○ Nerve damage
○ Lig damage and muscle damage
● During immobilization (cast on)
○ Pain
○ Adhesions around injury
○ Edema
○ Joint ealth decreases due to decreased successive action
○ HT and TrP of compensatory structures
● Immobilization removed
○ Decreased tissue health beneath cast
○ Muscle atrophy
○ Adhesions around injury
○ Scars present w open reduction
○ Pain and stiffness
Assessment
● During immobilization
○ Testing of muscles and joints involved in fracture is C/I
○ Careful assessment of active and passive ROM of proximal and distal joints is
Indication
● Immobilization removed
○ Avoid testing within first week that immobilization has been removed
○ Do not stress repairing bone w testing, especially before consolidation
Pott’s fracture - violent eversion of ankle resulting in a fracture of fibula and an avulsion fracture
of medial malleolus by deltoid ligament
S&S
● During immobilization
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Simple fracture - fracture w two parts - split in half. Comminuted fracture - two or more pieces (blunt trauma) Hairline fracture - minimal, usually from overuse (runners) Compression fracture - when bone collapses, can happen in vertebrae - will affect periphery. Avulsion of greater trochanter: - cause: direct trauma, knee lifts (trauma to iliopsoas) Lower limb takes longer - due to larger bones. Infection: malunion, vascular damage, loose cast, compartment cyndrome, cast dermatitis, late complications, delayed union, non-union, malunion, myositis ossificans, avascular bone necrosis, disuse osteoporosis. Colle"s fracture - transverse fracture of distal radius, fragment displaces dorsally. Smiths is opposite of colle"s goes inward (anteriorly) Joint ealth decreases due to decreased successive action. Testing of muscles and joints involved in fracture is c/i. Careful assessment of active and passive rom of proximal and distal joints is. Avoid testing within first week that immobilization has been removed. Do not stress repairing bone w testing, especially before consolidation.
