BIOL-101 Study Guide - Fall 2019, Comprehensive Final Exam Notes - Zygosity, Phenotype, Y Chromosome
30 Mar 2019
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Fossils areremains1traces of organismsfromthepastusuallyfoundin sedimentaryrockwhichappears inlayers or strata. Observation3 allspecies are capableofproducing more offspringthanthe enviornmentcan support. Inference 1 individualswhoseinheritedtraitsgivethem a higherprobabilityofsurvivingand reproducingin a givenenviornmenttendtoleavemore offspringthan other individuals. Inference2 unequalabilityofindividualstosurviveand reproducewillleadtothe accumulation offavorabletraits inthepopulation over generations. If an enviornmentchanges overtimenaturalselectionmayresultin adaptationtothesenewconditio e e concilio en men1 changesove i e nal al selectonmay su n adalat o lo andmaygiveriseto newspecies. Natural selection can only increase or decrease heritable traits in a population. Thefossil recordprovides evidence ofthe extinction of species theoriginof new groups and changes within groups overtime. Convergentevolution theprocess by which 2 speciesbecomemorealikebecause they havesimilarecological roles andselection pressures. Closely relatedspecies have more similar proteins and more dna sequence similarity. Scientists make controlled use of living cells to preform specifictasks. 1 double strandeddna is unzippedbygentleheating forming singlestrands that serve as templates for new strands. 3 mixture is cooled to allow for base pairing. 4 complementary dna strandsform on each template strand the amount ofdna is now doubled.
