HPRO 4412 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Gender Binary, Queer Theory, Sexual Orientation
23 May 2018
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HPRO Exam 2 Studying
CHAPTER 6
- Diversification of sexuality and accepting this
- Most common sexual orientations are homosexual, heterosexual and bisexual
- Sexual orientation: who you are attracted to sexually or romantically, bodies (girl, boy or
trans) or genders (cisgender, genderqueer)
- However, people don’t fit into boxes, this is complicated and complex
- Pansexual: attracted to all genders and bodies (Sexes)
- Polyamorous: someone who is in a relationship with multiple people (equality based
relationship)
- Queer: term for non-heteronormative or gender binary people
- Heteronormative: assumption that everyone is straight, we live in a heteronormative society
where this is usually assumed through institutions, media…etc.
- Gender Binary: distinction of sex and gender into two distinct, opposite categories which are
often masculine and feminine.
Sexual Orientation differs between sexual and romantic preferences
A
NO ATTRACTION
Gray
ALMOST NEVER ATTRACTED
Demi
ONLY ATTRACTED WITH CONNECTION
Hetero
ATTRACTED TO SEX OTHER THAN OWN
Homo
ATTRACTED TO SAME SEX AS OWN
Bi
ATTRACTED TO SAME OR OTHER SEX
Pan
ATTRACTED TO ALL
Poly
ATTRACTED TO OTHER SEXES BUT NOT ALL
- These preferences may change over the course of someone’s life
- Social pressures often make people hide or suppress sexual desires and orientation
- Being gay
- Difference between behaviour and orientation
- Some people who identify as straight have still engaged in homosexual behaviour
- What counts as sex?
- Ambiguity for what is defined as homosexual
- This may have skewed data
- 3.5% of people in the US are Gay
- Kinsley Scale
- Varying bisexual responses between exclusively homosexual and exclusively
heterosexual
- This assumes that those are opposites
- Homosexuality
- Has existed in human history for centuries
- Has been condemned in the past and present
find more resources at oneclass.com
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- Very acceptable in some cultures
- To challenge complexity within sexual norms, giving social construction of normal
forms of behaviour emerged
- Same sex marriage was not legalized until 2005
- Queer theory
- Homosexuality can be created in culture
- Identity and labels consistently fail because we cannot take on all the attributes of an
identity
- Discrimination lead to gay identity
- Labels can’t ‘define us’
- Is it a choice?
- What causes sexual orientation the basis of the question
- There are many possible influences: genetics, development or environment
- Environmental factors that influence our attractions
- Epigenetics: process of finding the existence and non-existence of genetic influences
on sexual orientation → finding a gay gene?
- May be no single determining factor
- There may be no cause
- Important to focus on WHY people are marginalized based on their sexual
orientation/gender identity
- Heterosexism
- Society accommodates heterosexual people
- Discrimination or prejudice through assumption people are straight
- A system that denigrates and stigmatizes
- Heteronormativity – this assumption
- Homophobia
- Antigay attitudes
- Rooted into culture and history
- Hate crimes – verbal and physical
- Legal as well – LGBT rights were not constitutional until 1995
▪ Sexual orientation was included into the Charter of Rights and Freedoms
- Things are slowly improving but still slow
- Growing up LGBTQ and coming out
- Several models of coming out
- Identity confusion, identity comparison, identity tolerance, identity acceptance,
identity pride and identity synthesis
- Still criminalized in 86 countries
- Children in LGBTQ families show no difference in terms of outcomes (no larger chance of
being LGBTQ)
- Canadian laws are reflective to an inclusive society compared to US and other countries
- Still problems:
- LGBT youth feel unsafe in their school (2/3)
- Only a little more than half of Canadians support same-sex marriage
- Younger populations account for 80% of that percentage
- Catholic schools and Gay-Straight alliance
- Some provinces catholic schools are publically funded
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Most common sexual orientations are homosexual, heterosexual and bisexual. Sexual orientation: who you are attracted to sexually or romantically, bodies (girl, boy or trans) or genders (cisgender, genderqueer) However, people don"t fit into boxes, this is complicated and complex. Pansexual: attracted to all genders and bodies (sexes) Polyamorous: someone who is in a relationship with multiple people (equality based relationship) Queer: term for non-heteronormative or gender binary people. Heteronormative: assumption that everyone is straight, we live in a heteronormative society where this is usually assumed through institutions, media etc. Gender binary: distinction of sex and gender into two distinct, opposite categories which are often masculine and feminine. Sexual orientation differs between sexual and romantic preferences. These preferences may change over the course of someone"s life. Social pressures often make people hide or suppress sexual desires and orientation. Some people who identify as straight have still engaged in homosexual behaviour. Ambiguity for what is defined as homosexual.
