PHIL 2003 Study Guide - Inductive Reasoning, Straw Man, Ad Hominem
Document Summary
Examples:p1 95% of students who take the lsat without preparing do very poorly on the test. P2 jones has not prepared for the lsat. C jones will do very poorly on the test. P2 josh was in the area the night the theft took place. P3 josh has a history of petty theft. P every raccoon i"ve seen has been aggressive. C the next raccoon ill see is aggressive. Certain ways of violating the criterion are so common that they"ve been given particular names. These violations of relevance are collectively called fallacies of relevance: Appeal to pity: the fallacy of arguing for a conclusion merely on the basis of a premise about the emotional distress involved in not accepting that conclusion. Appeal to force: the fallacy of arguing for a conclusion merely on the basis of a premise that threatens the use of force/punishment if the conclusion is not accepted.
