PSYC340 Final: Describe the peritoneum and its folds
24 Jun 2018
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1. Describe the peritoneum and its folds.
A. Peritoneum
A.I. The peritoneum is the largest serous membrane of the body; it consists
of a layer of simple squamous epithelium (mesothelium) with an
underlying supporting layer of areolar connective tissue
A.II. Parietal peritoneum - The peritoneum is divided into the parietal
peritoneum, which lines the wall of the abdominal cavity,
A.III. Visceral peritoneum - which covers some of the organs in the cavity and
is their serosa
A.IV. Peritoneal cavity
A.V. The slim space containing lubricating serous fluid that is between the
parietal and visceral portions of the peritoneum
A.VI. Retroperitoneal
A.VII. Such organs, including the kidneys, ascending and descending colons of
the large intestine, duodenum of the small intestine, and pancreas, are
said to be retroperitoneal (behind)
B. Periotoneal folds
B.I. Greater omentum
B.II. The largest peritoneal fold, drapes over the transverse colon and coils of
the
small intestine like a “fatty apron” . The greater omentum is a double
sheet that folds back on itself, giving it total of four layers. From
attachments along the stomach and duodenum, the greater omentum
extends downward anterior to
the small intestine, then turns and extends upward and attaches to the
transverse colon. The greater omentum normally contains a considerable
amount of adipose tissue. Its adipose tissue content can greatly expand
with weight gain, contributing to the characteristic “beer belly” seen in
some overweight individuals. The many lymph nodes of the greater
omentum contribute macrophages and antibody-producing plasma cells
that help combat
and contain infections of the GI tract.
B.III. Falciform ligament
B.IV. Attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm The liver
is the only digestive organ that is attached to the anterior abdominal wall
B.V. Lesser omentum
B.VI. Arises as an anterior fold in the serosa of the stomach and duodenum,
and it connects the stomach and duodenum to the liver. It is the pathway
for blood vessels entering the liver and contains the hepatic portal vein,
common hepatic artery, and common bile duct, along with some lymph
nodes
B.VII. Mesentery
B.VIII. A fan-shaped fold of the peritoneum, called the mesentery, binds the
jejunum and ileum of the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall
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Document Summary
Describe the peritoneum and its folds, peritoneum. The peritoneum is the largest serous membrane of the body; it consists of a layer of simple squamous epithelium (mesothelium) with an underlying supporting layer of areolar connective tissue. Parietal peritoneum - the peritoneum is divided into the parietal peritoneum, which lines the wall of the abdominal cavity, Visceral peritoneum - which covers some of the organs in the cavity and is their serosa. The slim space containing lubricating serous fluid that is between the parietal and visceral portions of the peritoneum. Such organs, including the kidneys, ascending and descending colons of the large intestine, duodenum of the small intestine, and pancreas, are said to be retroperitoneal (behind: periotoneal folds. The largest peritoneal fold, drapes over the transverse colon and coils of the small intestine like a fatty apron . The greater omentum is a double sheet that folds back on itself, giving it total of four layers.
