PHYL2001 Study Guide - Final Guide: B Cell, Central Nucleus Of The Amygdala, White Blood Cell
Blood
Blood:
• Blood is a liquid organ
• A fluid found in blood vessels and chambers of the heart
• 6-8% of body mass → 60-80mL/kg
• A 70kg person has around 5L of blood
• Consists of
o 55% fluid → plasma
o 45% cells → red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
• Plasma
o Straw coloured fluid
o Consists of
▪ Water → 90%
▪ Plasma proteins → 7%, with functions relating to
• Colloid osmotic pressure → albumin
• pH buffering
• Transport → lipoproteins, hormone-binding
proteins
• Immunity → immunoglobulin
• Blood coagulation → fibrinogen to fibrin
▪ Salts → Na+, Cl- and HCO3-
▪ Nutrients → glucose, amino acids, fatty acids
▪ Wastes → urea, uric acid, bilirubin
▪ Dissolved gases → O2 and CO2
o 20% of the extra cellular fluid is plasma
o Function → rapid transport system of nutrients, wastes, hormones
and heat
Cells of the Blood:
• Red blood cells → erythrocytes
o Biconcave
o No nucleus
o Cannot reproduce
o 8�m diameter
o Contain plasma membrane, intracellular fluid, haemoglobin,
metabolic enzymes
o No organelles
o 120 day lifespan
o Produced in bone marrow
o Function
▪ Oxygen transport → oxygen binds reversibly to
haemoglobin on red blood cell
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