BIOL1001 Final: BIOL-1001-SKOU

• School: University of Newcastle
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BIOL1001
• Professor: All

Document Summary

Chemical composition of cells: water: cytosol 70% cell weight suspended, cytosol: aqueous part of the cytoplasm within which particles and organelles are. Inorganic ions: cytosol, organelles (eg k+, po4: carbohydrates: sugars (3%), polysaccharides (eg starch, glycogen, proteins: amino acids (which make enzymes) precursors and soluble proteins in cytosol; 22: comparison of ion concentrations inside and outside a typical animal cell: Electrochemical gradients across membranes: organelles within cells also have different concentration to cytosol, differences in concentration charge differences across membranes gradient. Internal cell environment has different chemical concentration compared to outside maintained by plasma membrane (energy required: relative concentrations (mm) of solutes in blood plasma and red blood cell (see chart) Classification of organisms at cellular level: eukaryotes (complex organisms) and prokaryotes (simple bacteria, eukarya: plants, animals, fungi, some kingdoms of single-celled groups, prokaryotes: before nucleus"; greek. Eukaryotes: nucleus: contains genetic material enclosed in a double membrane (dna, protein chromosomes); makes ribosome, ribosomes attach to mrna to translate genetic code.