PSY3032 Study Guide - Final Guide: Dsm-5, Gait Abnormality, Cerebral Cortex
21 Jun 2018
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Department
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PSY3032 Week 9 Late life disorders
Older adults: people aged over 65 years
-Young-old (65-74 years)
-Old-old (75-84 years)
-Oldest- old (85+ years)
14.7% of Australian’s age aged over 65
-This equates to 2,687,000 people
-Of these, 456,500 people are aged over 85
Myths about late life
Depression is common in old age
Truth
Older adults are less likely to have a mental health issue
Important to consider incidence (onset of new disorder)
Majority of people who experience anxiety ort depression in late life, report
experiencing these symptoms prior to the age of 65
Myths
Forgetfulness is a normal part of aging
Truth
Severe cognition problems do not occur for most people, but mild decline is
common
Myth
Older people are focused on poor health
Older people are lonely
Truth
Interest shifts from wide circle of friends to a smaller circle (social selectively)
Problems experienced in late life
Physical decline
Sensory deficits
Loss of loved ones
Stigma towards elderly
Medical conditions
Quality and depth of sleep changes
Research methods in the study of aging: Age, cohort, time-of-measurement
effects
Psychological Disorders in Late life
Can't be diagnosed if symptoms can be associated for medical condition/side
effect e.g. thyroid medication- anxiety
Estimating the prevalence:
-Lowest overall prevalence of psychological disorders
-Late onset rare for some e.g. schizophrenia
Methodological issues in estimating prevalence:
-May be more uncomfortable acknowledging and discussing mental health or
drug use problems
-Response bias, cohort effects, selective mortality (drop out of study due to
death)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
PSY3032 Week 9 Late life disorders
Neurocognitive Disorders
1. Dementia- deterioration of cognitive abilities
2. Stage 1: Mild Neurocognitive Disorder
- Difficulty remembering things, forget simple things, forget words for items,
awareness of memory lapses, mood swings
3. Stage 2: Moderate Neurocognitive Disorder
-More severe memory impairment, asking repetitive questions, difficulty in
every day life, become messy, social withdrawal, recite the past often,
personality changes, inability to recognize familiar people, socially withdrawn,
sleep disturbance, loss of inhibition
4. Stage 3: severe
-Oblivious to surrounding environment, unable to care for self, may lose ability
to communicate, sleep often, often vulnerable to other illnesses.
Delirium
Clouded state of consciousness
Lack of concentration and attention
Disturbances in the sleep/wake cycle
Perceptual disturbances are frequent
Delusions relatively common (~25%)
Mood swings
Etiology:
-Medications
-Drug Intoxication/withdrawal reaction
-Neurological disorders
-Infections/fevers
Treatment:
Complete recovery possible if treated effectively and promptly
1-4 weeks to clear- longer in older people
Outcomes- depression and anxiety
Less likely to have MH disorder
Prevalence: More common in children, older adults, post surgery, nursing
homes and hospitals
-Highest prevalence in hospitalized older individuals
Cause: Delirium is caused by medical condition
-Intoxication or drug withdrawal reactions
-Metabolic or nutritional imbalance
-Dehydration
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
PSY3032 Week 9 Late life disorders
-Infections
-Major surgery
Treatment: Complete recovery possible if underlying cause is treated
promptly
-Atypical antipsychotics also used
-Important to note risk factors (e.g. sensory deficits)
-Can be fatal
Major and Mild neurocognitive disorder
DSM- 5
Mild neurocognitive disorder= Mild cognitive impairment
Major neurocognitive disorder= dementia
-Alzheimer’s disease
-Vascular dementia
-Frontotemporal dementia
-Dementia with Lewy Bodies
-And many others
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)
Prevalence
-Problems with criteria employed
-Prevalence of MCI ranges from 16% to 20%
-naMCI 3-42% and aMCI 0.5-31.9%
Outcome
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Of these, 456,500 people are aged over 85. Older adults are less likely to have a mental health issue. Majority of people who experience anxiety ort depression in late life, report. Important to consider incidence (onset of new disorder) experiencing these symptoms prior to the age of 65. Forgetfulness is a normal part of aging. Severe cognition problems do not occur for most people, but mild decline is common. Older people are focused on poor health. Interest shifts from wide circle of friends to a smaller circle (social selectively) Research methods in the study of aging: age, cohort, time-of-measurement effects. Can"t be diagnosed if symptoms can be associated for medical condition/side effect e. g. thyroid medication- anxiety. May be more uncomfortable acknowledging and discussing mental health or drug use problems. Response bias, cohort effects, selective mortality (drop out of study due to death) Neurocognitive disorders: dementia- deterioration of cognitive abilities, stage 1: mild neurocognitive disorder.
