Why does Jacob Kirkegaard think you need to look at the effects of taxes to understand social spending?

 

Why Does Hayek think a welfare state is needed and what kind of welfare state?

 

Why does Titmuss think a welfare state is necessary and what kind of welfare state?

10)

One basic argument about why capitalism gave rise to the welfare state is that:

Capitalist societies have complex institutional sets that lead to major roles for the state.

Wealth and the commercial impulse make people more peaceful toward one another.

The United States, the leading capitalist country, was where the welfare state originated.

Capitalism gave rise to the religious and community institutions that provide welfare.

11)

A perspective on the welfare state that emphasizes mobilization and political action might argue which of the following are important in shaping outcomes?

(5pts)

Citizens who benefit from the welfare state are more likely to vote and secure their interests.

Welfare states have made mobilization and political action more feasible for all.

Welfare states may be a compromise among political interests, such as business and labor.

Negotiations among bureaucrats determine which welfare recipients deserve which benefits.

12)

National defense, basic infrastructure, and a healthy environment are examples of _________.

Welfare state services

Market institutions

Public goods

Democratic tools

13)

The term “invisible hand” is likely to be found about:

Neoliberalism

Statism

Marxism

Privatization

7) Two main components of human capital are:

a. Monetary policy and fiscal policy

b. Financial capital and social capital

c. Education and health

d. State and market

8) The welfare state that emerged in the Twentieth Century is based on which of the following principles?

a. The United States had fared well and should be emulated

b. The state should serve economic and social functions to maintain the population's welfare

c. People who are on welfare are abusing the system and they should compete in the labor market

d. The elderly and vulnerable should look primarily to private actors for support

9) The idea that cultural change led to the rise of welfare states follows which kind of logic?

a. Lack of effort on the part of welfare recipients gave rise to a permanent underclass

b. After World War II, Communism and fascism gave way to liberal welfare states

c. Over time, people increasingly saw the state as an actor that could resolve social problems

d. As one moves from tropical areas to temperate zones, cultures show more solidarity