Aim: To Analyze Tyndal Effect, Hardness of Water (Metal), germination and growth of seeds using water from Different source. Sample:
1. RO water
2. RO Waste water
3. Tap water
4. Water collected by washing vegetables and fruits.
5. Water from aquarium (fish tank).

PROCEDURE: Collect samples of water about 100 add 50ml of each sample separately in a
glass tumbler. Add 1 drop of dye to each sample and note the colour change and different
among the colors formed in each glass.
Dip the cloth in the coloued water and dry the cloth to analyse the colour variation
Add soap solution to each sample separately and check lather formation.
Sample Intensity of colour Lather formation using soap
1
2
3
4
5
Intensity of colour- (light, dark, darker)
To analyze Tyndale effect, take samples of water separately in the glass tumbler and place it
again the white background (screen). Now allow the light pass through the glass of water in
such away that is has to fall on to the screen.

Note the variations among the intensity of the light while passing to different samples of water.
To analyze the effect the samples of water on seed germination.
Take samples of water separately in a separate glass tumbler soak the seeds for 8 hours then
keep the seeds on tissue paper separately and sprinkle the sample water to find the effect of
water on germinating seeds.


Germination rate ( Slow, fast, faster)
Draw inference referring to the points given below
Germination of seed requires water with nutrient
Lather formation shows mineral salt in water
Colour variation in water after adding dye shows density of water
Intensity of light shows presence of colloidal particles in water.

Questions:
Which water sample is most suitable of seed germination?
Which water sample contains more mineral salt to increase its hardness?
Which water sample is denser?
Which water sample shows more colloidal particles?

Grade 9 Science – Lab Safety & Equipment Woksheet

Part A: Highlight ‘T’ for TRUE OR ‘F’ for FALSE for each of the following questions. (K - 35)

1. T F Broken glassware should be swept up immediately and placed in the garbage bin.
2. T F Eyeglasses or contact lenses are an acceptable substitute for googles during an experiment.
3. T F If you arrive at class to find a spilled liquid on your desk, you should assume it is water and wipe
 it up with paper towels.
4. T F Students with long hair must tie it back when using Bunsen burners.
5. T F If you take too much of the chemicals needed for an experiment, put it back into the container you
 got it from.
6. T F Class B fires are those related to electrical equipment.
7. T F Discard all solid waste by rinsing it down the sink.
8. T F You may consume food and drinks during a lab, as long as it is kept at a safe distance from
 chemicals.
9. T F If asked to detect the odour of a chemical in the lab, the student should inhale a deep breath of the
 chemical.
10. T F If your clothing were to catch on fire, your first step should be to STOP, DROP and ROLL.
11. T F When using a fire extinguisher, aim at the top of the fire. The chemical in the extinguisher will
 fall and put out the flames.
12. T F When heating chemicals in a test tube, heat from the bottom up, aiming the test tube at the
 ceiling, and keep the test tube still.
13. T F It is ok to take off my safety goggles if it’s just for a second while I write something down.
14. T F If any chemical makes contact with your eye, wash it immediately at the eyewash station for
 fifteen minutes. If you should spill chemicals on your skin, place the affected area under water
 immediately.
15. T F Always read through each activity before you begin.
16. T F If you are unsure about any part of the procedure for an experiment, you should figure it out
 yourself. Asking the teacher for clarification will result in a lower mark due to lack of preparation.
17. T F It is acceptable to sit during very long experiments.
18. T F It is ok if I don’t know where the lab safety equipment is since I can just ask someone later.
19. T F Be sure to tell your teacher about any accident, broken equipment, or injury that occurs during
 class; no matter how minor.
20. T F When working with chemicals, keep pens and pencils away from your mouth.
21. T F In warmer months, it is acceptable to wear sandals during an experiment.
22. T F Determine whether your equipment is cool enough to disassemble by placing the back of your
 hand near it.
23. T F Loose-fitting, long-sleeved shirts should be worn during experiments to protect your arms from
 burns and chemical splashes.
24. T F If you must retrieve materials during a lab, it is acceptable to leave your Bunsen burner unattended
 as long as it is set to a yellow flame.
25. T F To avoid an injury when heating materials, always place a stopper or tight-fitting lid on the
 container being heated.
26. T F If a student uses the last of the chemicals in an experiment, it is their responsibility to go into the
 storeroom to retrieve an additional quantity of that chemical.
27. T F Always leave your work area clean and dry before leaving the lab and make sure equipment and
 glassware is returned clean to its proper place.
28. T F Horseplay is O.K. during a lab as long as no one is getting hurt.
29. T F It is never advisable to place a thermometer in an open flame.
30. T F To cool hot glassware, run cold water over it.
31. T F Class A fires can be extinguished with water.
32. T F Class D fires must be extinguished with water.
33. T F Keep equipment away from the edge of the lab bench.
34. T F If your eye itches while you are working with chemicals, you should rub it with your hands.
35. T F WHMIS stands for warning hazardous materials information symbols.

1. Which of the following elements would have similar properties to Sulfur?

a. Chlorine b. Argon c. Aluminum d. Oxygen

2. Which element is likely to react violently with water (Hint: think back to the demo you saw!)?

a. Beryllium b. Carbon c. Caesium d. Sulfur

3. Which element is most likely to be a clear, colourless, odourless gas that is unreactive?

a. Fluorine b. Krypton c. Nitrogen d. Hydrogen

4. Which statement is correct?

a. Be is more reactive than Li c. O is more reactive than F

b. Kr is more reactive than Br d. Ra is more reactive than Be

5. Which of the following are true about the Alkaline Earth metals?

a. They all have 2 electrons in their valence shell

b. They are the most reactive group of metals

c. They burn with bright colourful flames, and are used in fireworks

d. All of the above are true

e. Only a. and c. are true

6. Rutherford’s gold foil experiment showed that…

a. electrons do not surround the nucleus in a random cloud, but rather in organized orbitals

b. atoms have a tiny, positively charged nucleus

c. electrons crowd tightly together at an atom’s centre

d. atoms contain neutrons

7. Which determines the identity of an atom?

a. the sum of protons and neutrons c. number of neutrons

b. number of protons in the nucleus d. its driver’s license

8. If an atom has six protons, six electrons, and eight neutrons it must be an isotope of…

a. carbon b. silicon c. oxygen d. magnesium

9. An atom has a mass number of 20 and it contains 10 neutrons. What element must it be?

a. calcium b. neon c. zinc d. More information is needed.

10. Which of the following statements is correct?

a. Protons and electrons are located in the nucleus of an atom.

b. All atoms of the element lithium will have 4 neutrons.

c. The energy level closest to the nucleus is the valence shell.

d. Two atoms of the same element can have different numbers of neutrons.

11. Which phrase best describes a group or family in the periodic table?

a. Elements that have the same melting point.

b. Elements that have the same number of electrons in their outermost orbits.

c. Elements in the same group all have the same number of orbitals/energy levels.

d. Elements that are in the same row.