Find to three significant digits the charge and the mass of the following particles. (a) an ionized hydrogen atom, represented as H+ (b) a singly ionized sodium atom, Na+ (c) a chloride ion Cl- (d) a doubly ionized calcium atom, Ca++ = Ca2+ (e) the center of an ammonia molecule, modeled as an N3- ion (f) quadruply ionized nitrogen atoms, N4+, found in plasma in a hot star (g) the nucleus of a nitrogen atom (h) the molecular ion H2O- 

Find to three significant digits the charge and the mass of the following particles. Suggestion: Begin by looking up the mass of a neutral atom on the periodic table of the elements in Appendix C. 

(a) an ionized hydrogen atom, represented as H⁺ 

(b) a single ionized sodium atom Na⁺

(c) a chloride ion Cl^-

(d) a doubly ionized calcium atom Ca⁺⁺=Ca²⁺

(e) the center of an ammonia molecule, modeled as an N³⁺ ion

(f) quadruple ionized nitrogen atoms, N⁴⁺, found in plasma in a hot star 

(g) the nucleus of a nitrogen atom 

(h) the molecular ion H₂O^-

Find to three significant digits the charge and the mass of the following particles. Suggestion: Begin by looking up the mass of a neutral atom on the periodic table of the elements in Appendix C. 

(a) an ionized hydrogen atom, represented as H⁺ 

(b) a single ionized sodium atom Na⁺

(c) a chloride ion Cl^-

(d) a doubly ionized calcium atom Ca⁺⁺=Ca²⁺

(e) the center of an ammonia molecule, modeled as an N³⁺ ion

(f) quadruple ionized nitrogen atoms, N⁴⁺, found in plasma in a hot star 

(g) the nucleus of a nitrogen atom 

(h) the molecular ion H₂O^-