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24 Apr 2019

Consider the following four transitions in a hydrogen atom:
(i) ni = 2, nf =6, (ii) ni = 2, nf = 8, (iii) ni = 7, nf = 8, (iv)ni = 6, nf = 2

(a) Give the value of the wavelength in each case. Find (b) thelongest- and (c) the shortest
wavelength photon that can be emitted or absorbed by thesetransitions. (d) For which of these
transitions does the atom lose energy? Explain.

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Elin Hessel
Elin HesselLv2
26 Apr 2019

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Related textbook solutions

Physics: Principles with Applications
7th Edition, 2013
Giancoli
ISBN: 9780321625922

Related questions

For parts a) and b) consider a doubly ionized lithium atom (Li , ).2 3
+ = Z
(a) Find the radius and energy of the electron in the n = 3 stateof this atom.

(b) This electron now jumps to the n = 2 state. How the wavelengthof emitted photon in this transition does compares to a photonemitted by the same transition in hydrogen atom? (calculate theratio)

(c) The electron in a hydrogen atom with an energy of -0.544 eV isin a subshell with 18 states. Find the corresponding principalquantum number n.

(d) An electron drops from the L shell to the K shell and gives offan X-ray with a wavelength of 0.0205 nm. What is the atomic numberof this atom?



The emergence of line spectra from a gas when a current passesthrough it was an observed phenomenon waiting for an explanation inthe early 20th century. The atomic line spectra coming fromelements such as hydrogen had been analyzed since the late 19thcentury. By studying the wavelength of the emerging radiation ofhydrogen, experimenters found (often by trial and error) that thewavelengths in those spectra were described by the formula

\frac{1}{\lambda} = R \left( \frac{1}{n_1^2} - \frac{1}{n_2^2}\right),
where R is known as the Rydberg constant. It has a value of R =1.097 \times 10^{7}\; \rm m^{-1}. The variables n_1 and n_2 areinteger numbers (n_1 = 1,2,3,4,\dots). As experiments continued,scientists began to see more and more characteristic lines emergingfrom the hydrogen spectrum. Each of them corresponded to awavelength predicted by this formula with some integer values forn_1 and n_2.

In 1913, Niels Bohr provided an explanation for the observationsmade in experiments by proposing that each electron in an atom hadonly certain allowable energy levels. Furthermore, he postulatedthat when an electron changed its energy level, it must emit orabsorb a single photon with the energy equal to the energydifference between the two levels.

With this interpretation, the variables n_1 and n_2 acquired newsignificance. Bohr's model predicted that n_2 was the initialenergy state of the atom (n_initial) and that n_1 was the finalstate of the atom (n_final). A photon with the predicted wavelengthwas created when an atom made a transition from its initial energystate to a lower final energy state. The equation now read

\frac{1}{\lambda} = R \left( \frac{1}{n_{\rm final}^2} -\frac{1}{n_{\rm initial}^2} \right).
Bohr's model also predicted that a photon of the appropriatewavelength (given by the same formula) could promote an atom from alower energy level to a higher one.

In this problem, we explore the photon characteristics necessaryfor transitions between energy levels in hydrogen and singlyionized {\rm He}^+, whose energy levels are accurately predicted bythe Bohr model.
What is the change in energy DeltaE of the hydrogen atom as theelectron makes the transition from the n=3 energy level to the n=1energy level?
Express your answer numerically in electron volts.

b. When an atom makes a transition from a higher energy level to alower one, a photon is released. What is the wavelength of thephoton that is emitted from the atom during the transition from n=3to n=1?
Express your answer numerically in angstroms.

c.

When the hydrogen atom makes the transition from the n=2 to the n=1energy level, it emits a photon. This photon can be absorbed by toa singly ionized helium atom ({\rm He}^+) in its second energylevel (n_{\rm initial} = 2), causing it to move to a higher energylevel. To what final energy level number n_final can the photonpromote the helium ion?

Note that {\rm He}^+ has two protons in its nucleus and a singleelectron.
Express your answer as an integer.

Please answer fully, Thank you
a.

Hi everyone,
I'm International Students and I have difficault to understand someproblems in physics. I want to do extra work to be ready forMidtearm.
Please if there is any one can help me by showing me how to solveit.
and if u can show me the steps because I will use it asnotes.

1-What are the metric prefixes for ten and tenth?

2-If you multiplied 7774 m by 36 m, how many significant figuresshould you report in your answer?

3-A ball is dropped:
What is its initial speed?
What is the magnitude of its initial acceleration?


4-A jogger jogs two blocks directly north.
(a) How do the jogger's average speed and the magnitude of theaverage velocity compare?
average speed ( ) magnitude of average velocity
(b) If the jogger's return trip follows the same path, how doaverage speed and magnitude of the average velocity compare for thetotal trip?
average speed ( ) magnitude of average velocity



5-A child's cubic play block has a mass of 115 g and sides of 5.2cm. When placed in a bath tub full of water, will the cube sink orfloat?
(sink) or (float)

6-A ball with a radius of 8 cm and a mass of 550 g is thrown into alake. Will the ball sink or float?
(sink) or (float)

7-Persons A and B do the same job, but B takes longer
Who does the greater amount of work?
person A, person B, Or all the same
Who is more "powerful"?
Person A or Person B

8- Which two renewable energy sources depend on the weather?(Select all that apply.)
geothermal
biomass
tidal
solar
wind

9- The two common liquids used in liquid-in-glass thermometers arealcohol (ethanol) and mercury, which have melting points andboiling points of -114°C, 79°C and -39°C, 357°C,respectively.
Which one of these thermometers would be better for low temperaturemeasurements?
(alcohol or mercury)
Which one of these thermometers would be better for hightemperature measurements?
(alcohol or mercury)

10-What determines the phase of a substance? (Select all thatapply.)
humidity
temperature
amount of the substance
pressure


11-What is the difference between a longitudinal wave and atransverse wave?

Longitudinal wave: particle displacement is (---) parallelperpendicular to wave velocity.
Transverse wave: particle displacement is ( ------) perpendicularparallel to wave velocity.

Give an example of a longitudinal wave.
(sound wave in air OR
light wave)
Give an example of a transverse wave.
(sound wave in air Or
light wave)

12-Which end (blue or red) of the visible spectrum has the shorterwavelength?
Which has the lower frequency?

13- How long does the image of a 18-in ruler appear in a planemirror?
Does this depend on the distance the ruler is from themirror?
(Yes OR
No)

14-What optical phenomenon causes soap bubbles and oil slicks toshow colorful displays?

15- Which two particles that make up atoms have about the samemass? (Select all that apply.)
protons
electrons
neutrons

16- Which two have the same magnitude of electric charge? (Selectall that apply.)
neutrons
electrons
protons

17- Name one phenomenon that can only be explained by light havinga wave nature.
polarization
photoelectric effect
acceleration
displacement

18- How are frequency and wavelength of an electromagnetic waverelated?
higher the frequency, longer the wavelength
higher the frequency, shorter the wavelength
the frequency and wavelength are not direclty related


19- What other name is often used to refer to the electron cloudmodel of the atom?
plum pudding model
billiard ball model
quantum model
nuclear model
planetary model


20- What are the names of the elements with the followingsymbols?
(a) Ne
(b) Li
(c) He

21- After 4 half-lives have gone by, what fraction of a sample of aradioactive isotope remains? (Write your answer in fractionform.)


22- What are the most common names for these compounds andions?
(a) N2O
(b) HCl
(c) C2H3O2 ?
(d) PO43-

23- What is the formula for the common household compound known astable salt? (Type your answer using the format CO2 for CO2.)

24- What element has the lowest electronegativity?
What element has the second highest electronegativity?


Give the Stock system name for the following.
(a) Cr(OH)2
(b) CuCl2
(c) AuBr3

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