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sapphirebadger799Lv1

6 Oct 2020

Light passes from a material with an index of refraction 1.3 into one with an index of refraction 1.2. Compared to the incident ray, what happens to the refracted ray?

(a) It bends toward the normal.

(b) It is undeflected.

(c) It bends away from the normal.

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Shelley Sundae NaparotaLv10

25 Dec 2020

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Background info:

ThePhysics

The Law ofReflection

The law of reflection states that for a plane mirror, the angle ofincidence is equal to the angle of reflection, and that the tworays lie in a plane.

normal

. A light ray perpendicular to the surface has an angle ofincidence 0Â°.

The Law of Refraction âSnellâs Law

A ray of light passing from one substance (index ofrefraction

n_{1)into another (index of refraction n}

2) across a plane boundary will be refracted. The angle the raymakes in one medium will be related to the angle in the secondmedium by the equation below, and that all rays lie in aplane.

(2)

Total InternalReflection

A ray incident on a medium with lower index of refraction willbe

totally internally reflected if sin Î¸1> n2/n1.There will be no transmitted beam for this incident angle. Ameasurement of the critical angle for total internalreflection can be used to determine the index of refraction of the substance.If n

2 = 1 (air), then the critical angle is:

sin Î¸c = 1/

1. (3)

Polarization byReflection â Brewsterâs Angle

If the angle between the reflected and refracted rays is 90Â°,then

tan Î¸

B = n2/n

1. (4)

At this angle, only light with polarization out of the plane ofreflection and refraction will be reflected. The reflected lightwill be completely polarized.

Figure3.

Refractionof Light Rays

Figure2.

Incidentand Reflected Rays

(1)

Always measure the angles with respect to the surface

The angle of incidence of a light beam in air onto a reflecting surface is continuously variable. The reflected ray is found to be completely polarized when the angle of incidence is 48.0°. (a) What is the index of refraction of the reflecting material? (b) If some of the incident light (at an angle of 48.0°) passes into the material below the surface, what is the angle of refraction?