For what orientation of an electric dipole in a uniform electric field is the potential energy of the dipole, (a) greatest and (b) least?

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Sagar YadavLv10

15 Oct 2020

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In the figure below, an electric dipole swings from an initial orientation i (?i = 20.0°) to a final orientation f (?f = 25.0°) in a uniform external electric field . The electric dipole moment is 1.90 10-27 C·m; the field magnitude is 3.50 106 N/C. What is the change in the dipole's potential energy?

An electric dipole with dipole moment is in a uniform external electric field .

Find the orientations of the dipole for which the torque on the dipole is zero, from the electric field direction.

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beigeraven367

Consider an electric dipole whose dipole moment (a vector pointing from the negative charge to the positive charge) is oriented at an angle with respect to the y-axis. There is an external electric field of magnitude E (independent of the field produced by the dipole) pointing in the positive y-direction. The positive and negative ends of the dipole have charges +q and -q, respectively, and the two charges are a distance d apart. The dipole has a moment of inertia I about its center of mass. It will help you to imagine that the dipole is free to rotate about a pivot through its center.

A) What is the net force that the dipole experiences due to the electric field?

B) What is , the magnitude of the torque that the electric field exerts about the center of mass of the dipole?

C) Using the above result, find the potential energy associated with the dipole's orientation in the field as a function of the angle shown in the figure. Take the zero of the potential to occur when the dipole is at angle ; that is , .