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Question:
In what ways do photons resemble other particles such as electrons?In what ways do
they differ? Do photons have mass? Do they have electric charge?Can they be
accelerated? What mechanical properties they have? Marks = 6

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Jean Keeling
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15 Feb 2019

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Related textbook solutions

Physics: Principles with Applications
7th Edition, 2013
Giancoli
ISBN: 9780321625922

Related questions

Since photons themselves carry no electric charge, they cannotbe accelerated by electric fields the way that charged particlescan. As a consequence, it is difficult to produce photons with verylarge energies. One idea is to use Compton back-scattered photonsto form a high energy photon beam since the cross-section(probability of occurrence) for this process is large. As anexample imagine a laser with wavelength รŽยป = 300 nm is directed atan oncoming beam of electrons of momentum 500 GeV/c. What is themaximum energy that a final state photon can have in thisscenario?

1. Light that has a frequency of about 5.00 1014 Hz (a wavelengthof about 600 nm) appears orange to our eyes. What is the energy injoules of the photons associated with this light?_________ J
2. The human eye is sensitive to orange light having a frequency ofabout 5.0 1014 Hz (a wavelength of about 608 nm). What is theenergy in joules of the photons associated with thislight?__________J
3. What are the forces on two charges of +0.41 C and +1.5 C,respectively, if they are separated by a distance of 2.1m?______N

Do the charges attract or repel each other?

4. An object has eight million more electrons than protons. What isthe net charge of the object?_________C
5. How many electrons make up 0.50 coulomb of charge? (Hint: q =ne.)
____________electrons
6. How much longer must the minimum length of a plane mirror be fora 6 ft 6 in man to see his complete head-to-toe image than for a 5ft 6 in woman to do so?________in
7. Waves moving on a lake have a speed of 2.7 m/s and a distance of1.5 m between adjacent crests.
(a) What is the frequency of the waves? ____ HZ
(b) Find the period of the wave motion? ______S

A nuclear reaction is represented by an equation similar to theequation for a chemical reaction. An example of a nuclear reactionis the decay of radium into radon by the emission of an alphaparticle (a helium nucleus). The equation for this reactionis

^{226}_{\ 88}{\rm Ra}\; \rightarrow \, ^{222}_{\ 86}{\rmRn}+\;^4_2{\rm He}.

The superscript preceding each element indicates the nucleon numberof that particular nucleus (total number of protons and neutrons).The subscript indicates the charge of the nucleus, which is equalto the atomic number for nuclei. Nuclear reactions frequentlyinvolve electrons (sometimes called beta rays) and photons(sometimes called gamma rays). Electrons, which have nucleon number0 and charge -1, are represented in equations as either ^{\ \;0}_{-1}\beta or ^{\ \; 0}_{-1}{\rm e}. Photons are represented as^{0}_{0}\gamma to emphasize that they have no nucleon number andcarry no charge.

In nuclear reactions, several conservation laws are usuallysufficient to determine the products or reactants. One of these isconservation of nucleon number. The total number of neutrons andprotons in all of the reactants must be the same as the totalnumber of protons and neutrons in the products. Although protonsand neutrons sometimes change into one another, neither can simplydisappear. Another important conservation law is conservation ofcharge. The net charge of the reactants must be the same as that ofthe products.

Notice that, in our equation for the decay of radium, the sum ofthe nucleon numbers on each side is 226 and the sum of the chargeson each side is 88. If you knew everything in this equation exceptthe isotope of radon produced, you could simply subtract 4 from 226to find the nucleon number required to make the nucleon number ofthe products equal the nucleon number of the reactants. Similarly,if you knew everything in this equation except for the identity ofthe product element, you could simply subtract 2 from 88 and thenlook in a periodic table to find that the element with atomicnumber 86 is radon.

In parts A and B consider the decay of radon by alpha particleemission:

^{222}_{\ 86}{\rm Rn}\;\rightarrow\;X +\,^{4}_{2}{\rm He}.

a. What is the nucleon number of the element X?
Express your answer as an integer.

b. What is the atomic number (nuclear charge) of the elementX?
Express your answer as an integer.

n parts C and D consider the decay of Potassium-43 into calcium-43via the following reaction:

^{43}_{19}{\rm K} \rightarrow ^{43}_{20}{\rm Ca}+\,X.

c. What is the charge of the emitted particle X?
d. is not visible yet

E. An isotope of potassium with a half-life of roughly one billionyears is often used in radioactive dating. This isotope decaysthrough electron capture, the process of drawing an electron intothe nucleus. What is the chemical symbol for the element thatresults from this process? The equation for the reaction is

^{40}_{19}{\rm K}+\,^{\ \;0}_{-1}{\rm e}\rightarrow \,?.
Express your answer as a chemical symbol (e.g., Na forsodium).

f. The reaction energy of a reaction is the amount of energyreleased by the reaction. It is found by determining the differencein mass between the reactants and products and then using E=mc^2 toconvert the lost mass into the released energy.

Look again at the equation for the decay of radium (Ra), given inthe introduction. Use the following table of masses to determinethe reaction energy of this reaction.
Nucleus or particle Mass in atomic mass units
radium-226 226.025402
radon-222 222.017571
alpha particle 4.002602
Express your answer in joules to three significant figures.

please answer fully... thank you

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