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12 Nov 2019

A dam has large drain holes to keep level of the reservoir at a regulated depth. Calculate the speed of the water coming out of the holes when the reservoir level is 100 m above.

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Collen Von
Collen VonLv2
19 Jan 2019

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Physics: Principles with Applications
7th Edition, 2013
Giancoli
ISBN: 9780321625922

Related questions

The fresh water behind a reservoir dam has a depth D. A horizontal pipe of radius r is located at a depth d and passes through the dam. A plug has been firmly inserted at the end of the pipe, as depicted in the diagram. Standard gravity acts vertically downward. Standard atmospheric pressure is present. Given that D = 15.00 m, d = 6.00 m, and r = 2.00 cm, determine:

a) the magnitude of the friction force that must exist between the plug and the pipe wall, assuming that the plug remains in place,

b) the total volume of water that exits the pipe during a 3-hr time interval if the plug is removed from the pipe.

Hint: Assume that the reservoir is vast and that its liquid level is unaffected by the drainage of this relatively small amount of water.

As the reservoir behind a dam is filled with water, the pressurethat the water exerts on the dam increases. Eventually, the forceon the dam becomes substantial, and it could cause the dam tocollapse. There are two significant issues to be considered: First,the base of the dam should be able to withstand the pressure ,where is the density of the water behind the dam, is its depth, andis the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity. This meansthat the material of which the dam is made needs to be strongenough so that it doesn't crack (compressive strength).
The second issue has to do with the strength of the foundation ofthe dam. The water pressure exerts a clockwise torque on the dam,as shown in the figure. The foundation of the dam should be strongenough so that the dam does not topple. The material has to bestrong enough that the dam does not snap (shear strength).

To study this phenomenon, consider the simple model of a damdepicted in the diagram. A reservoir of water (density ) behind thedam is filled to a height . Assume that the width of the dam (thedimension pointing into the screen) is .

A garden hose having with an internal diameter of 1.4 cm is connected to a (stationary) lawn sprinkler that consists merely of an container with 22 holes, each 0.11 cm in diameter. If the water in the hose has a speed of 0.92 m/s, at what speed does it leave the sprinkler holes?

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