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Embark on a virtual field trip. Researching online, explore different career fields that interest you. Share with your classmates which career field or fields you found most interesting. Why do you find it interesting? What is the salary range and average income for people working in that field? What level of education is required to work in that career field? How do your findings affect your career, educational, and financial plans?

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Week 3 Individual Case Study Assignment 1

Cash flow forecasts and projected financial statements

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For the following Individual Case Study, you assume the role of someone who has been asked to provide a Business Report for a group of friends who have invested in an organisation, Fashion Clothing. They had heard you are taking an Accounting and Finance Module and have asked for your advice.

The scenario

A group of friends have formed a new business called Fashion Clothing, an online and mail-order clothing business, in which they have invested £200,000 of their own capital. They intend to manufacture and sell quality clothes. They have set up the business and are selling direct to the final consumer, using a combination of aggressive marketing across a range of different media and also with the use of an automated Web site that accepts online orders. To support this, they also have a department of telephone sales and support staff ready to help customers. The sales staff work in teams and receive a basic salary plus commission for each successful sale. By the start of July 20X5, they have spent £150,000 on tangible non-current assets, and they currently have the remaining £50,000 in their business bank account.

They provide you with the following forecasted figures for their first 6 months of trading:

£

Sales for the next 6 months

1,350,000

Cost of the materials used up in sales

390,000

Labour costs for the 6 months

480,000

Other expenses for the 6 months, including marketing costs and £15,000 depreciation of tangible non-current assets

345,000

Materials purchased during the 6 months

520,000

Their projected cash receipts and payments are estimated to be as follows:

Month (20X5)

Sales Receipts

Payments for Materials

Labour and Other Expenses

£

£

£

July

150,000

120,000

These payments are divided equally over each of the 6 months.

August

120,000

100,000

September

150,000

60,000

October

210,000

60,000

November

260,000

60,000

December

285,000

60,000

Totals

1,175,000

460,000

In addition to the above, they expect to have to pay a tax bill of £20,000 in December 20X5 and also plan to buy (and pay for) £30,000 additional tangible non-current assets in that same month. All transactions will go through their business bank account.

Required

You are asked to provide a Business Report (1,000 words for the main body of the report) for the friends who have invested in Fashion Clothing, commenting on the business’ prospects and including the following five financial statements:

Since none of the investors have a background in accounting and finance, you should also explain what each of these statements means as a part of your report.

  1. An opening statement of financial position at the start of July 20X5.
  2. A monthly cash flow forecast, showing the bank balance at the end of each of the 6 months and indicating what level of overdraft facilities the friends need to negotiate with their bank manager. Explain what additional expense they should take into account as a result of needing this financial assistance (overdraft).
  3. A projected income statement for the first 6 months of trading.
  4. A projected statement of financial position for Fashion Clothing at the end of its first 6 months of operations.
  5. A projected statement of cash flows for the first 6 months of trading and using the indirect method.

Keep the following in mind:

  1. Using a spreadsheet may help you to produce your cash flow forecast. Remember here that £150,000 of the initial £200,000 has already been spent. Hence, your opening bank balance should be £50,000. Your closing bank balance should be included in your statement of financial position as at 31.12.20X5.
  2. Think carefully about the £15,000 depreciation charge when working out your monthly cash outflows for labour and other expenses.
  3. Also think carefully about the figures for closing stocks (inventories), creditors (payables) and debtors (receivables).
  4. Please remember that your qualitative analysis and explanation of your five statements are justas important as the calculations themselves. These, together with your presentation of a professional report, will contribute towards your grade for this assignment.
  5. Please be sure to re-visit the Key Concept Overviews for Weeks 1 and 2, as well as Week 3. These should serve as a reminder of the accruals concept, plus the difference between a cash flow forecast and a statement of cash flows. They also include detailed numerical examples that should assist with your calculations for your financial statements.

Ideally a business report should be produced with a suitable structure and quality of discussion around the following key areas:

Executive summary

Table of contents

List of figures

  1. Introduction
  2. Main financial findings.

2.1 Summary of the first 6 months business operations

2.2 Financial accounting statements

  1. Analysis

3.1 Initial analysis in context of the three financial statements.

3.2 Investigations to increase efficiency

  1. Conclusion
  2. References

ANNEX I: Statement of financial position Fashion Clothing – 01.07.20X5 and 31.12.20X5

ANNEX II: Income statement Fashion Clothing – 6 months to 31.12.20X5

ANNEX III: Statement of cash flows Fashion Clothing – 6 months to 31.12.20X5

ANNEX IV: Projected cash flow forecast for the first 6 months of trading

To complete the assignment:

  • Be sure to read over your Individual Assignment before submitting it to your Instructor. Make sure the spelling and grammar are correct and the language, citing and referencing you use when providing your opinion are appropriate for academic writing.



Garnett Jackson, the founder and CEO of Tech Tune-Ups, stared t the window as he finished his customary peanut butter and jelly dwich, contemplating the dilemma currently facing his firm. ech Tune-Ups is a start-up firm, offering a wide range of com- ter services to its clients, including online technical assistance, ote maintenance and backup of client computers through the temet, and virus prevention and recovery. The firm has been 'ghly successful in the 2 years since it was founded; its reputation fair pricing and good service is spreading, and Mr. Jackson lieves the firm is in a good position to expand its customer base idly. But he is not sure that the firm has the financing in place to rt that rapid growth. Tech Tune-Ups' main capital investments are its own powerful mputers, and its major operating expense is salary for its consul- ts. To a reasonably good approximation, both of these factors w in proportion to the number of clients the firm serves. Currently, the firm is a privately held corporation. Mr. Jackson his partners, two classmates from his undergraduate days, have tributed $250,000 in equity capital, largely raised from their nts and other family members. The firm has a line of credit a bank that allows it to borrow up to $400,000 at an interest of 8%. So far, the firm has used $200,000 of its credit line. If when the firm reaches its borrowing limit, it will need to raise ity capital and will probably seek funding from a venture capi- firm. The firm is growing rapidly, requiring continual invest- t in additional computers, and Mr. Jackson is concerned that it approaching its borrowing limit faster than anticipated. 525 Mr. Jackson thumbs through past financial statements and esti- mates that each of the firm's computers, costing $10,000, can sup- port revenues of $80,000 per year but that the salary and benefits paid to each consultant using one of the computers is $70,000. Sales revenue in 2011 was $1.2 million, and sales are expected to grow at a 20% annual rate in the next few years. The firm pays taxes at a rate of 35%. Its customers pay their bills with an average delay of 3 months, so accounts receivable at any time are usually around 25% of that year's sales. Mr. Jackson and his co-owners receive minimal formal salary from the firm, instead taking 70% of profits as a "dividend," which accounts for a substantial portion of their personal incomes. The remainder of the profits are reinvested in the firm. If reinvested profits are not suffi- cient to support new purchases of computers, the firm borrows the required additional funds using its line of credit with the bank. Mr. Jackson doesn't think Tech Tune-Ups can raise venture funding until after 2013. He decides to develop a financial plan to determine whether the firm can sustain its growth plans using its line of credit and reinvested earnings until then. If not, he and his partners will have to consider scaling back their hoped-for rate of growth, negotiate with their bankers to increase the line of credit, or consider taking a smaller share of profits out of the firm until further financing can be arranged. Mr. Jackson wiped the last piece of jelly from the keyboard and settled down to work. Can you help Mr. Jackson develop a financial plan? Do you think his growth plan is feasible? Prepare a 700-1,050 word response, plus Excel spreadsheet, for the Mini-case at the end of Chapter 18 in Fundamentals of Corporate Finance (Brealey). Specifically, the Learning Team will need to follow all assumptions in the Mini-case precisely and carefully to complete the following: a. Identify the steps necessary to financially plan and forecast for 2005, 2006, and 2007, b. Project future years using the growth rate assumptions in the Mini-case, c. Determine what type and amount of financing may be required, taking into account the impact on leverage ratios, d. Determine the impact of rising interest rates on future performance, e. Assess alternative capital structures and impact on debt ratio and return on equity. f. Separately, after completing (a) through (e) above, explain how outsourcing certain cost of goods sold items would impact this planning and budgeting process.

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