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Assume that the U.S. government initiates a stimulus package to help the sluggish U.S. economy. Further assume that, among other things, this package includes $200 billion in government spending as well as 5% tax cuts for consumers. Explain the logic behind this move and evaluate the policy.

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Kristelle Balando
Kristelle BalandoLv10
28 Sep 2019

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Assume an open, mixed economy. That is, foreign trade is part of the economy, and the economy includes both a public (government) and a private (consumers and businesses) sector. Given this, aggregate demand is expressed as (C + I + G + X). Assume the MPC is 0.7. Assume a stimulus package of $100 billion has been approved by Congress and the money has been spent. In order to pay for those expenditures, Congress also approved a $100 billion increase in individual income taxes. Will these actions by Congress expand or contract the economy or are they just useless actions? Get started early and work with your class members to solve this problem.

Please answer question 6 and label each answer. Thank you

6) The $787 billion stimulus package, “American Recovery and Reinvestment Act” passed in Winter 2009 contained a mix of tax rebates, tax credits and increases in various transfer payments (such as extension of unemployment compensation). It also contained funding for a large number of infrastructure spending projects and some funding for scientific research. Most republican legislators voted against the proposed stimulus bill on the grounds that it should have contained more tax cuts and less infrastructure/research spending. A) Briefly explain the economic rationale for enacting a large fiscal stimulus package, given the macroeconomic condition of the US economy four years ago. 4pts.

B) Describe and contrast the “multiplier effects” on AD of each $1 billion of tax cuts/transfer increases with the “multiplier effects” on AD of each $1billion of increased infrastructure spending. (Which has the larger multiplier effect or are they both the same?) Assume in both cases that the lower tax rates and higher infrastructure expenditure levels would be phased in over a 2 year period and are assumed to continue indefinitely following that. (This answer is worth 6 points implying that some detail is required for full credit ).

5. Suppose the U.S. Congress passes a budget which increases individual income

taxes by $120 billion and increases infrastructure spending (airports, roads,

bridges, etc.) by $50 billion. The increase in income taxes is concentrated at the top,

so the tax increase causes personal consumption expenditures to fall by only $30

billion. Use this information to answer the questions below. (20 pts)

a. At constant interest rates (“other things equal”), what would these policy

changes do to national saving and domestic investment spending?

Change in S =

Change in I =

b. Closed economy analysis: Assuming the U.S. financial system is closed to

international financial flows, draw an S/I diagram to illustrate the effect of

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flows and (2) domestic investment spending. When drawing your diagram,

assume that the U.S. would have had net capital inflow without the policy

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