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It is customary for the News media to report about consumer confidence and investor confidence while discussing the national economy. How do you think the confidence of the economic agents affect the economy? From personal or work experience, state factors that could cause increase in consumer spending and investor investment. Do consumer and investor confidence trend reports affect your spending pattern? Explain

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Nusrat Fatima
Nusrat FatimaLv10
30 Sep 2019

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Related questions

MBA502, Economics for Business

Apply and Discover 7.2

You are responsible for economic policymaking in your country. Your desire is to eliminate inflation, keeping prices absolutely stable at P = 100, no matter what happens to output. Currently, the economy is in equilibrium at Q = 3200 (where Q = potential GDP) and P = 100. You can use monetary and fiscal policies to affect aggregate demand but you cannot affect aggregate supply in the short run. How would you respond to the following scenarios?

Explain and illustrate how each of these events would affect aggregate demand, aggregate supply, and prices, then explain how you would respond with economic policies.

1. A surprise increase in investment spending

In the short run, when investment spending increases, it results in an increase in Aggregate Demand (AD), which in turn pushes up both GPD and the price index.

To counterbalance this development, government might pursue contractionary fiscal policy by increasing taxes (to reduce consumption) or decreasing its own investment and spending so that the AD curve shifts back to its original position. Alternatively, the government can pursue contractionary monetary policy by reducing money supply and increasing interest rate to discourage economic activity.

2. Catastrophic floods that cause a sharp food price increase

In this case, sharp food shortages and consequent price increases cause a shock-type adjustment of the aggregate supply curve (it shift up and to the left). The result is a lower GDP and a higher price level.

The government cannot do anything to adjust AS in the short run. However, if the goal is to maintain the price level constant, the government can decide to do something to decrease the aggregate demand to force prices to come down, though it will be accompanies by another contraction in GDP and so it would not be a smart thing to do.

To cause AD to decrease, the government, similar to example above, can pursue fiscal policy (increase taxes, decrease spending) or monetary policy (reduce supply of money to the economy and thus increase interest rates).

3. A productivity decline that reduces potential output

In this case, AS shifts to the left, as was the case in example 2. As a result, price levels go up, as the same amount of money is chasing the reduced amount of goods and services, and GDP declines.

Government remedies here would be centered about causing AD to decrease through contractionary fiscal (higher taxes, lower spending) or monetary (reduce money supply and increase interest rates) policy. Again, this decision reduces inflation but at expense of GDP, as real output shrinks further.

4. A deep depression in East Asia that causes a sharp decrease in net exports to the United States

A decrease in exports of goods to from the United States to Asia will mean that the aggregate demand (which includes net exports

Show transcribed image text

There are probably a thousand macroeconomic indicators, some measure the overall national economy, but some are more limited in scope. The three most often quoted and publicized are the Gross Domestic Production Index (GDP), the Consumer Price Inflation Index (CPI), and the Unemployment Index. Please complete the short answer questions regarding these three indicators:

A. Use the table below:

Table 6-1

 

Value (in billions)

Personal consumption expenditures

$1,000

Gross private domestic investment

$500

Net exports

$300

Imports

$180

Government purchases of goods and services

$280

Transfer Payments

$90

a. What is the value of GDP?

b. In each of the following cases indicate if GDP is affected,+ under what category, and what happens to GDP. Be sure to explain why or why it is not included.

  • You buy a used textbook from one of your classmates.
  • You buy a new umbrella.
  • Ella, a French tourist, has a haircut in a salon in San Francisco.
  • Oklahoma cleans up after a devastating tornado.
  • A pension payment to a retired military person.

B. Why do some people gain and other people lose from inflation and deflation?

C. Define the natural rate of unemployment. Identify three factors that may cause the natural rate to change over time.

D. What is structural unemployment? State the various reasons due to which it can arise in an economy.

Any help with any of these items would be amazing...thanks in advance

1. Explain the difference between the change in Supply and change in quantity supplied. Draw a diagram of the two changes and provide an example.

2.Draw, label and describe the 5 elastic measures-provide an examble of each.

3. Carefully draw, label and explain the Total Utility vs. Marginal Utility curves on a diagram. How do we define equilibrium in Utility Theory?

4. Indifference Curves: Carefully draw, label and expalin the budget line vs. indifference consumption curve and show equilibrium.

5. Describe the following Production Cost Terms: The short run, the long run, the very long run, implicit costs, explicit costs, acounting profits, economic profits.

6. Draw the profit max diagram of a monopoly and perfect competition. Compare and contrast both diagrams.

7. Just recently google was found not guilty in a major anti-trust case. Was googel 1. attempting to monopolize a market? 2.Attempting to become the oligopolisitc leader or 3. just engage in fair competition. Explain each concept carefully.

8. Summarize the MPP>MPC>MRP rule. How does it explain how your wages are determined? Provide a personal example.

9. Dogs kept in a backyard and are barking constantantly are notorious in most city neighborhoods. Do these dogs pose a negative or positive externality? What (if anything) should the city do about these externalities?

10. Dr. Joseph Stiglits, Nobel Economist, recently published "The Price of Inequality". In the book, he states the gap between the very wealthy and eeryone else has caused our economy to falter, and will continue this trend unless we are able to reverse course. For example, the Median wealth fell by 40% between 2007 and 2010, while the wealthy became wealthier. Is the current economic largess due to our high national debt or the slowdown in consumer spending, please explain.

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