When a metal ion has a coordination number of 2, 4, or 6, what are the observed geometries and associated bond angles? For each of the following, give the correct formulas for the complex ions.
a. linear complex ions having ligands
b. tetrahedral complex ions having ligands
c. tetrahedral complex ions having oxalate ligands
d. square planar complex ions having ligands
e. octahedral complex ions having EDTA ligands
f. octahedral complex ions having ligands
g. octahedral complex ions having ethylene-diamine ligands
What is the electron configuration for the metal ion in each of the complex ions in a-g?
A complex ion is a species in which a central metal ion is attached to a group of surrounding ions or molecules by coordinate covalent bonds. The surrounding species are called ligands. Within a ligand, the atoms that are directly attached to the metal ion (or atom) are called donor atoms. Most ligands contain a single donor atom (monodentate), but some contain two donor atoms (bidentate), six donor atoms (hexadentate), or another combination of donor atoms. A complex ion that is associated with one or more counter ions is called a coordination compound. For example [PdCl4]2âis a complex ion, and Na[PdCl4] is a coordination compound. The following table lists some common ligands.
Ligand
Number of donor atoms
Clâ
1
Fâ
1
Brâ
1
CO32â
2
CNâ
1
glyâ
2
EDTA4â
6
NH3
1
H2O
1
CO
1
The coordination number for a complex is the total number of donor atoms surrounding the central atom. The overall charge on a complex is the sum of the charges of the metal and all the ligands.
Part A
What is the coordination number for each of the following complexes or compounds?
[Co(NH3)4Cl2]+
[Cr(EDTA)]â
[Zn(H2O)4]2+
Na[Ag(CN)2]
Enter the coordination numbers, in the order that the complexes are listed, as four integers separated by commas (e.g., 1,2,3,4).
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Part B
What is the charge on each of the following complex ions?
hexaaquamanganese(II), [Mn(H2O)6]?
tris(carbonato)aluminate(III), [Al(CO3)3]?
amminepentachloroplatinate(IV), [Pt(NH3)Cl5]?
Express the charges numerically, in the order that the complexes are listed, separated by commas. For a nonzero charge, be sure to include the sign (e.g., +1,-2,+3).
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Part C
What is the oxidation number of the central metal ion in each of the following complexes or compounds?
[NiCl2Br2]2â
[Cr(H2O)2(NH3)4]3+
Na[Au(CN)2]
Express the oxidation numbers numerically, in the order that the complexes are listed, separated by commas. For a nonzero oxidation number, be sure to include the sign (e.g., +1,-2,+3).
