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The atomic masses of hydrogen-2 (deuterium), helium-4, and lithium-6 are 2.014102 amu, 4.002602 amu, and 6.0151228 amu, respectively. For each isotope, calculate (a) the nuclear mass, (b) the nuclear binding energy, (c) the nuclear binding energy per nucleon. (d) Which of these three isotopes has the largest nuclear binding energy per nucleon? Does this agree with the trends plotted in Figure 21.12?

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Jarrod Robel
Jarrod RobelLv2
14 May 2020

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Related questions

Nucleons The term nucleon refers to the particles found in the nucleus of an atom, namely protons and neutrons. A single hydrogen atom (one proton plus one electron) has a mass of 1.007825 amu. A single neutron has a mass of 1.008665 amu. Note that amu stands for "atomic mass unit" and is sometimes abbreviated with the symbol u. 1 u is equivalent to 1.6605387×10−27 kg. Mass Defect The total mass of the individual nucleons in an atom is always greater than the actual measured mass of the atom. The difference is called the mass defect. Binding Energy The mass defect of an atom corresponds to an amount of energy called the binding energy. Binding energy can be calculated using Einstein's equation, E=mc2., where E is energy in joules, m is mass is kilograms, and c is the speed of light, 2.998×108 m/s.

Part A: Calculate the mass defect of the nitrogen nucleus 14 7N. The mass of neutral 14 7N is equal to 14.003074 atomic mass units.

answer: .1124 amu

Part B: Calculate the binding energy E of the nitrogen nucleus 14 7N (1eV=1.602×10−19J). answer: 104.7 MeV Part C: Calculate the binding energy per nucleon of the nitrogen nucleus 14 7N.

answer: 7.477 MeV/nucleon

Part D: Calculate the mass defect of the helium nucleus 52He. The mass of neutral 52He is given by MHe=5.012225amu.

Part E: Calculate the binding energy E of the helium nucleus 52He (1eV=1.602×10−19J).

Part F: Calculate the binding energy E of the helium nucleus 52He (1eV=1.602×10−19J).

IF YOU DO NOT FEEL LIKE ANSWERING ALL THREE QUESTIONS DO NOT ATTEMPT TO ANSWER JUST ONE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

ANSWER ALL THREE QUESTIONS ALL ALL SECTIONS OF EACH QUESTION TO RECEIVE A GOOD REVIEW.

2)Each of the nuclides listed below decays either by beta emission or by positron emission. Predict which type of decay each will undergo and select the nuclides that decay by beta emission. This list contains three beta emitters and three positron emitters.

11747Ag

20680Hg

2413Al

85B

156C

106C

3)One atom of 73Li has a mass of 7.016 amu. By comparison, one proton is 1.0072765 amu, one neutron is 1.0086650 amu and one electron is 0.0005486 amu. Perform these calculations for 73Li.

(a) Calculate the mass defect in amu for a single atom.
______________ amu

(b) Calculate the mass defect in kg for a single atom.
______________ kg

(c) Calculate the nuclear binding energy in J for a single atom.
______________ J

(d) Calculate the nuclear binding energy in kJ per mol of atoms.
______________ kJ/mol

(e) Calculate the nuclear binding energy per nucleon for a single atom.
______________J

4)Among the discoveries in an ancient archeological site is a wooden artifact that has been buried since the site was abandoned long ago. This wood is to be used to find the age of the site by radiocarbon dating. In modern living tissue, 14C has 0.00000000012% of the abundance of 12C (1.2 parts per trillion, ppt). The carbon isotopes in the wooden artifact are analyzed and it is found that its 14C has 0.741 ppt of the abundance of its 12C.

(a) How many years does it take for the abundance of 14C to decay from 1.2 ppt to 0.741 ppt? The half life of 14C is 5730 years.
_________ years

(b) Radiocarbon dating has been calibrated by comparing the radiocarbon ages of many thousands of samples to their actual ages, determined from things like historical artifacts, annual tree growth rings, annual coral growth rings, annual stalagmite growth rings, annual lake and ocean sediment deposition layers, annual glacial deposition layers, etc. Things that are known to be as old as the artifact in this site have been found to give radiocarbon dates that are approximately 475 years younger than their actual age. Use this to find the best estimate for the age of this archeological site.
________________years before present

1. Which characteristic below describes ONLY a solid (not liquid or gas)?
a) definite shape b) particles in contact c) definite volume d) completely fills container
2. When iron rusts, it forms a reddish-brown solid. This is:
a) a physical change b) a chemical change c) no change at all
3. What is the name of FeSO4?
a) iron (I) sulfate b) iron (II) sulfate c) iron sulfite d) iron sulfide
4. A bottle label states that the bottle contains “drinking water with minerals added for flavor. This would be an example of:
a) an element b) a compound c) a heterogeneous mixture d) a homogeneous mixture
5. Which answer has the correct number of significant figures for: length = 2.0 m + 0.2100 m?
a) 2.2 b) 2.21 c) 2.210 d) 2.2100
Place the answer with the correct number of significant figures on the lines provided below.
6. To drive one kilometer, how many centimeters should you drive?
_______________cm
7. A 10.0 gram block of gold has a density of 19.32 g/cm3. What is its volume?
______________cm3
8. What is the formula of sodium sulfide?
_________________________
9. What is the name of H2S?
_______________mm
10. How many neutrons are in 35Cl?
_______________ neutrons
For problems 11 through 13, show your work to receive full credit and use the correct number of significant figures in your final answer.
11. The density of nickel is 8.91 g/cm3. Calculate the mass of a nickel ball with a radius of 0.50 mm in grams.
(π = 3.1416; Vsphere = 4πr3/3)
12. The recommended adult dose of Elixophyllin , a drug used to treat asthma, is 6.00 mg/kg of body mass. Calculate the dose in milligrams for a 134-lb person.
13. It is 273 K outside. Do you need a jacket? Why or why not? (show your work for full credit)
14) Element X has three naturally occurring isotopes. The masses (amu) and % abundances of the isotopes are given in the table below. What is the average atomic mass of the element in amu?

1. Which characteristic below describes ONLY a solid (not liquid or gas)?
a) definite shape b) particles in contact c) definite volume d) completely fills container
2. When iron rusts, it forms a reddish-brown solid. This is:
a) a physical change b) a chemical change c) no change at all
3. What is the name of FeSO4?
a) iron (I) sulfate b) iron (II) sulfate c) iron sulfite d) iron sulfide
4. A bottle label states that the bottle contains “drinking water with minerals added for flavor. This would be an example of:
a) an element b) a compound c) a heterogeneous mixture d) a homogeneous mixture
5. Which answer has the correct number of significant figures for: length = 2.0 m + 0.2100 m?
a) 2.2 b) 2.21 c) 2.210 d) 2.2100
Place the answer with the correct number of significant figures on the lines provided below.
6. To drive one kilometer, how many centimeters should you drive?
_______________cm
7. A 10.0 gram block of gold has a density of 19.32 g/cm3. What is its volume?
______________cm3
8. What is the formula of sodium sulfide?
_________________________
9. What is the name of H2S?
_______________mm
10. How many neutrons are in 35Cl?
_______________ neutrons
For problems 11 through 13, show your work to receive full credit and use the correct number of significant figures in your final answer.
11. The density of nickel is 8.91 g/cm3. Calculate the mass of a nickel ball with a radius of 0.50 mm in grams.
(π = 3.1416; Vsphere = 4πr3/3)
12. The recommended adult dose of Elixophyllin , a drug used to treat asthma, is 6.00 mg/kg of body mass. Calculate the dose in milligrams for a 134-lb person.
13. It is 273 K outside. Do you need a jacket? Why or why not? (show your work for full credit)
14) Element X has three naturally occurring isotopes. The masses (amu) and % abundances of the isotopes are given in the table below. What is the average atomic mass of the element in amu?

isotope38 abundance of 5.07,mass of 37.919

isotope39x,abundance of 15.35,mass of 39.017

isotope 42,abundance of 79.85,mass of 42.111


15. Classify each of the following elements as alkali, alkaline earth, halogen or a noble gas:
a) He ________________________
b) F ________________________
c) Na ________________________
d) Ca ________________________
e) Br ________________________

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