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Consider the following reagents: zinc, copper, mercury (density 13.6 g/mL), silver nitrate solution, nitric acid solution. (a) Given a 500-mL Erlenmeyer flask and a balloon, can you combine two or more of the foregoing reagents to initiate a chemical reaction that will inflate the balloon? Write a balanced chemical equation to represent this process. What is the identity of the substance that inflates the balloon? (b) What is the theoretical yield of the substance that fills the balloon? (c) Can you combine two or more of the foregoing reagents to initiate a chemical reaction that will produce metallic silver? Write a balanced chemical equation to represent this process. What ions are left behind in solution? (d) What is the theoretical yield of silver?

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Casey Durgan
Casey DurganLv2
25 May 2020

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ACYLATION OF AN AROMATIC AMINE

Prepare a solution of 2.5 g of p-toluidine, 65 mL of water, and2.5 mL of concentrated

hydrochloric acid in a 125 mL Erlenmeyer flask. Be sure to placethe reagents in the flask in that

order! Using a warm hot plate to assist you, swirl the contentsof the flask until all of the solid

dissolves. The purpose of the acid is to protonate thep-toluidine and increases its solubility in

water.

In a small beaker, dissolve 3.75 g of sodium acetate trihydratein 7 mL of water. Again,

use a warm hot plate to speed up the process, if necessary. Thepurpose of the sodium acetate is

to buffer the solution. We want the pH such that the carbonylgroup is electrophilic but some of

the amine group is not protonated. A protonated carbonyl groupis more susceptible to

nucleophilic attack, while the amino group can only act as anucleophile when it is not

protonated.

Heat the p-toluidine hydrochloride solution to 50 ?C using a hotplate. While stirring or

swirling rapidly, add 2.5 mL of acetic anhydride from a burettein the hood. Then add the

sodium acetate solution prepared above. Once the solution isthoroughly mixed, cool the flask in

an ice-water bath. A white precipitate should form. Collect thissolid via vacuum filtration.

While the solid is on the filter paper, wash it three times withcold water. After washing the

solid, remove as much of the water from the product by suctionfiltration as possible. Once the

product is fully dry, determine the mass, measure the meltingpoint and calculate the percent

yield. Let your Teaching Assistant evaluate your product anddispose of it properly


please please please please help me do allthese:


calculate the limiting reagent and

the theoretical yield

and the chemical balanced equation



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