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23 Nov 2019

Legend has it that the Greek philosopher, Socrates, died after drinking a tea made from hemlock leaves. Coniine, the toxic compound found in hemlock, is calculated to have an LD50 in humans of 10 mg/kg. If we assume Socrates weighed 180 lbs, how many grams of coniine would he have needed to ingest to give a 50% chance of causing his death? If Coniine is about 3.2% by weight of the hemlock leaves, how many grams of hemlock would need to be used to make the tea?

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A) Calculate the mass of Allura Red (use MW=496.42 g/mol) required to produce 500 mL of a 1.90x10^-4 M solution.=0.0472gCalculations:Standard stock solutions 1 mL, 5mL, 10mL, and 15mL.Measured Allura Red: 0.0459gCalculate the molarity of each stock solution, please show work.B) Calculate the concentration of Allura Red present in the soft drink when made up according to the package instructions.Add 1 cup sugar or 1 cup splenda. Add cold water & ice to make 2 quarts; stir to dissolve. Cherry Kool-Aid package.1) A student finishes with her std soln 1 and properly, thoroughly rinses out the 100mL volumetric flask using distilled water. Then, however, she immediately proceeds to pipet 5 mL of stock solution into the volumetric flask w/o making any attempt to dry or shake out the residual water in the flask. What effect will this have on her std sol. 5? Will the concentration be too large? Too small? Explain.2) Many common materials that we ingest, though quite safe in reasonable quantities, become toxic when taken in very large doses. A measure of toxicity is the LD50 (Lethal dose, 50%). It is the quantity of material, expressed in mg of material per kg of subject-body-weight that, if administered to a population of subjects, will cause 50% of the population to perish. The LD50 value for FD&C Red Dye No. 40 is > 10,000 mg/kg in rats.Assume LD50 value for humans is the same as for rats. Calculate the number of mg of Allura Red present in an eight-ounce glass of beverage you used in this lab. How many such glasses would a typical adult human have to ingest in order to reach the LD50 concentration (10,000 mg/kg)? Be sure to state explicitly any major assumptions you make in order to do the calculation. Considering only the potential acute toxicity of Allura Red and neglecting anything else that may be present in the drink mix, do you believe the beverage mix you analyzed is a safe product?3) Calculate the volume of aqueous waste that you produced while completing this experiment. Use this value to calculate the volume of aqueous wast that would be produced by a General Chemistry course with 500 students enrolled.This lab procedure has been frequently performed using copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4*5H2O) instead of Allura Red. Consult the MSDS for copper sulfate pentahydrate to determine concerns associated with this compound and appropriate methods of disposal. Would you be able to pour this waste down the drain as you did the Allura Red waste?

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1. One can of soda pop is 355 mL. Determine the number of milligrams of tartrazine that are consume when drinking one can of the test sodas (the molecular weight of tartrazine is 534.37 grams/mole). If the LD50 of tartrazine in humans is assumed to be 12,750 mg/kg (as it is for mice) and the average human weighs 70 kg, how many cans of each soda would an individual have to drink to die from a tartrazine overdose? Is this possible?

2. Can you pleas help me calculate the consentration. if we have 0.000100 M (0.1mM) solution and add 50 ml of water to it what would be the consentration the new solution. the second solution has 25 ml of 0.000100 M (0.1mM) solution and 75 ml of water added to it, what its consentration. the third solution has 10 ml of 0.000100 M (0.1mM) solution and 90 ml of whater what is the new consentration. and the last one number 4 has 5 ml of 0.000100 M (0.1mM) solution and 95 ml of water what would be the new consentration?

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1.The drug LSD has a half-life of 2.5 hours in plasma. What is the rate constant in hr-1? Report to 2 decimals.

2.A drug has a half-life of 4 hours. What is the rate constant in units of min-1? Report to 2 significant figures.

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5.The drug amphetamine (molecular weight of 135.2) is often supplied as the phosphate salt of the form Bâ¢H₃PO_{4 .} The drug is supplied in tablets that contain 16 mg of the drug salt and the bioavailability of the drug is 41%. If a person takes 2 tablet(s), what is Cp? Assume the volume of distribution is 4.2 L/kg and the person weighs 172lbs. Report in ppb and with 1 decimal place.

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8. Fentanyl is an opiate that is about 10x as potent as morphine for pain relief. A plasma concentration of 15-20Î¼g/L is usually fatal. A person is found non-responsive with 13 fentanyl patches surrounding them. Each patch has 100Î¼g total fentanyl. Frequently, the patches are scaped and the contents "smoked" to deliver the drug directly to the bloodstream. If this person did so (using all the patches), what would be the peak plasma concentration of fentanyl? Asume the volume of distribution is 4L/kg and the person weighs 140.0lbs. Report in Î¼g/L with 2 significant figures.

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