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19 Nov 2019
Please answer C, E, and F! :)
Lemon juice is acidic because of the presence of citric acid, a weak triprotic acid with the formula (molar mass 191.12 g) and structure shown above. The acidity of a lemon varies with both the variety and the growing conditions with the average being approximately 5% citric acid. This percentage is represented as grams of citric acid per 100 mL of lemon juice. Available equipment and supplies (not all will necessarily be used) Re-draw the citric acid structure on your own paper and circle the hydrogen atoms that are able to ionize. Write a complete balanced molecular equation to show the neutralization of the citric acid by sodium hydroxide. When the NaOH solution was standardized, 1.2582 g of potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP), a monoprotic weak acid (molar mass = 204.22 g) neutralized a 22.43 mL sample of the sodium hydroxide solution. Determine the molarity of the sodium hydroxide solution. Design an experiment to determine the citric acid content of a sample of lemon juice. List the steps of the lab procedure. Describe all calculations that would be necessary in this experiment. Many commercial lemon-flavored drink mixes include both sodium citrate and citric acid. Suggest a reason that the sodium citrate is included.
Please answer C, E, and F! :)
Lemon juice is acidic because of the presence of citric acid, a weak triprotic acid with the formula (molar mass 191.12 g) and structure shown above. The acidity of a lemon varies with both the variety and the growing conditions with the average being approximately 5% citric acid. This percentage is represented as grams of citric acid per 100 mL of lemon juice. Available equipment and supplies (not all will necessarily be used) Re-draw the citric acid structure on your own paper and circle the hydrogen atoms that are able to ionize. Write a complete balanced molecular equation to show the neutralization of the citric acid by sodium hydroxide. When the NaOH solution was standardized, 1.2582 g of potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP), a monoprotic weak acid (molar mass = 204.22 g) neutralized a 22.43 mL sample of the sodium hydroxide solution. Determine the molarity of the sodium hydroxide solution. Design an experiment to determine the citric acid content of a sample of lemon juice. List the steps of the lab procedure. Describe all calculations that would be necessary in this experiment. Many commercial lemon-flavored drink mixes include both sodium citrate and citric acid. Suggest a reason that the sodium citrate is included.
Elin HesselLv2
11 Feb 2019